state three factors that influence amount of solar radiation reaching the earth's surface

Answer 1

Three factors that influence the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface are:

1. Atmospheric Conditions: The presence of clouds, humidity, and atmospheric particulates can scatter and absorb solar radiation, reducing the amount that reaches the surface. Clear skies allow more direct sunlight, while cloudy or hazy conditions can significantly decrease sunlight.

2. Angle of Incidence: The angle at which sunlight strikes the Earth’s surface affects the intensity of solar radiation. When the sun is directly overhead (as at the equator during noon), the solar energy is more concentrated. Conversely, at higher latitudes or during sunrise and sunset, the angle is shallower, spreading the energy over a larger area and thus reducing its intensity.

3. Seasonal Variations: The tilt of the Earth's axis and its orbit around the sun cause seasonal changes in the amount and angle of solar radiation received at different locations. During summer months, regions receive more direct sunlight for longer periods, while winter months see reduced sunlight and lower angles of incidence, affecting overall solar radiation levels.