Spanish conquistadors and Aztec warriors had different weapons and defenses. Why did Cortes believe that his en had the advantage?

Answer 1

Hernán Cortés believed that his conquistadors had several advantages over the Aztec warriors, which contributed to his confidence in their ability to conquer the Aztec Empire. Here are some key reasons for his belief:

1. Advanced Weaponry: The Spaniards were equipped with steel swords, crossbows, and firearms, which were technologically superior to the wooden weapons and obsidian blades used by the Aztecs. The use of cannons and guns created significant firepower that could intimidate and decimate Aztec forces.

2. Armor and Defense: Cortés and his men wore metal armor, providing them with considerable protection compared to the Aztec warriors, who typically wore cotton armor or little more than padded clothing. This gave the Spaniards a defensive edge in combat situations.

3. Horses: Cortés brought cavalry to the campaign, using horses for mobility, speed, and as a psychological weapon. The sight of mounted soldiers was unfamiliar and intimidating to the Aztecs, who had never seen horses in battle.

4. Tactics and Experience: The Spanish soldiers were trained in European military tactics and were accustomed to coordinated warfare. In contrast, while Aztec warriors had experience, their traditional forms of combat were different and often involved close-quarters fighting, which was less effective against the Spaniards’ tactics.

5. Alliances: Cortés sought alliances with various indigenous groups who were rivals or enemies of the Aztec Empire. By forming alliances with these groups, he was able to augment his forces and create divisions among the Aztecs, weakening their ability to respond to the Spanish invasion.

6. Psychological Warfare: The Spaniards' use of tactics such as sudden attacks, the display of their horses, and their advanced weaponry had a demoralizing effect on the Aztecs. The combination of their unfamiliar technologies and their strategic military maneuvers created fear and uncertainty.

7. Divine Favor: Cortés often portrayed his expedition as divinely sanctioned, which may have added to his confidence and the morale of his troops. He suggested that their success was ordained by God, which was a common belief among Europeans of the time.

These factors combined led Cortés to believe that the Spaniards had a significant advantage over the Aztecs, ultimately contributing to his success in capturing the Aztec Empire.