To solve for \( b \) in the equation \( A = \frac{1}{2}(a + b) \), we can follow these steps:
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Multiply both sides by 2 to eliminate the fraction: \[ 2A = a + b \]
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Now, isolate \( b \) by subtracting \( a \) from both sides: \[ b = 2A - a \]
Thus, the correct answer is: D. \( b = 2A - a \).