since the 1800s which human activity has changed land use and led to the growth of large cities in many countres

Answer 1

Industrialization and urbanization have been the primary human activities that have significantly changed land use and led to the growth of large cities in many countries since the 1800s. The advancements in technology and the emergence of factories during the Industrial Revolution spurred urbanization and the shift from agrarian economies to industrial economies. This led to an influx of people from rural areas to cities in search of employment opportunities and better living conditions.

The expansion of industries and the subsequent growth of cities required more land for factories, transportation infrastructure, housing, and commercial purposes. As a result, there was a significant transformation of rural and agricultural landscapes into urbanized areas. Land that was once used for farming, forestry, or open spaces was converted into residential and commercial zones.

Additionally, the development of transportation systems, such as railways and later automobiles, facilitated the expansion of cities by improving connectivity between urban centers and rural areas. This allowed for easier transportation of goods and people, making cities more accessible and attractive for economic activities and settlement.

Urbanization also involved the construction of critical infrastructures like sewage systems, water supply networks, and power plants, enabling cities to support a growing population. These infrastructural developments further influenced land use patterns, as they required designated areas for their establishment and maintenance.

Overall, industrialization and urbanization have reshaped landscapes, changed land use patterns, and led to the growth of large cities around the world since the 1800s. The migration of people from rural to urban areas in search of economic opportunities and the need for urban infrastructure and land for industrial and residential purposes have been key drivers in this process.