Based on the results of the two simulations you provided, the logical conclusions you can draw are:
c. enzymes are specific to a substrate
Here's the reasoning behind the conclusion:
- In Simulation 1, with starch present and amylase absent, there was no maltose or glucose produced, indicating that starch is not being broken down without the presence of amylase. This shows that starch requires a specific enzyme (amylase) to be broken down.
- In Simulation 2, with starch present and a small amount of amylase introduced, there was still no maltose or glucose produced, suggesting that either the concentration of amylase was not sufficient to break down the starch or that the specific enzyme (maltase) is needed for maltose production but is absent.
The results indicate that enzymes have specificity for their substrates, as amylase (the enzyme that breaks down starch) was not able to produce maltose when present, indicating a lack of enzyme-substrate interaction.
The options "a" and "b" are not supported by the data provided:
- a. Any enzyme will break down any molecule – This is not true, as enzymes are specific to their substrates.
- b. Some enzymes can break down more than one substrate – This is not supported by the simulations' results, as only the expected activity of amylase and maltase on starch and maltose, respectively, is noted without indication of any enzyme acting on multiple substrates.
Thus, the only applicable conclusion is c.
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