Siegel found that elderly people who owned dogs were less likely to pay visits to their doctors after upsetting events than were those who didn’t own pets. Similarly, consider the following hypothetical data. A sample of elderly dog owners is compared to a similar group (in terms of age and health) who do not own dogs. The researcher records the number of visits to the doctor during the past year for each person. The data are as follows:

Question

Siegel found that elderly people who owned dogs were less likely to pay visits to their doctors after upsetting events than were those who didn’t own pets. Similarly, consider the following hypothetical data. A sample of elderly dog owners is compared to a similar group (in terms of age and health) who do not own dogs. The researcher records the number of visits to the doctor during the past year for each person. The data are as follows:
Control Group: 10, 8, 7, 9, 13, 7, 6, 12
Dog owners: 7, 4, 9, 3, 7

a. is the number of doctor visits significantly lower for the dog owners than for participants in the control group? use a one-tailed test with alpha=.05.

b.calculate the r^2 for these data.