Declarative programming languages focus on what the program should accomplish without specifying how to achieve it, contrasting with imperative languages that describe how to perform tasks.
From the list provided, the declarative programming languages are:
- SQL - Used for managing and querying relational databases, focuses on what data to retrieve rather than how to retrieve it.
- CSS - A style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in HTML or XML, focuses on how elements should be displayed rather than the procedure to achieve that appearance.
- HTML - While not a programming language in the traditional sense, it's a markup language that describes the structure of web content, focusing on what the content should be rather than how to display it.
The remaining options (Java, C++, Python, JavaScript, and Pascal) are primarily imperative and/or object-oriented programming languages.
So, the declarative languages from your list are SQL, CSS, and HTML.