Section A : Investigation

Question

Case Study : Examine pictures of cranes and respond to the following questions:

1.1 Cranes are structures . Define the word 'structure's.
1.2 Identify the type of structure represented by the cranes above.
1.3 Explain the main purpose or function of these cranes.
1.4 Name the class that these cranes fall under.
1.5 Explain how the books (movable arms) of crane 1 and crane 2 are reinforced .
1.6 Use the provided Hints in the table below to compare crane 1 and crane 2 . The base and counterweight

1.6.1 Conclude on which crane Is more stable.
1.6.2 Justify your conclusion in QUESTION 1.6.1

1.7 Distinguish between the following components of the crane in relation to their functions . Hook , Pulley , Wire - rope , Wheel and tracks .

1.8 Since 2001 , accidents involving tower cranes have resulted in 25 serious injuries and 9 fatalities . This highlights that , if you use cranes and other lifting equipment at work , being aware of the hazards and knowing what steps you can take to reduce your risk is crucial to ensuring your safety (Katie , 2018)

1.8.1 Explain the hazard in figure 1 .
1.8.2 Predict what could have happened to workers who were in the scene .

Answer all questions in short short sentences

Answer 1

Section A: Investigation

1.1 A 'structure' is a constructed object or framework designed to support loads and withstand forces.

1.2 The type of structure represented by the cranes is an overhead or tower crane.

1.3 The main purpose of these cranes is to lift and move heavy materials during construction projects.

1.4 These cranes fall under the class of mobile or fixed lifting equipment.

1.5 The books (movable arms) of crane 1 and crane 2 are reinforced by using materials like steel or by incorporating trusses to increase strength.

1.6.1 Crane 2 is more stable.

1.6.2 This conclusion is based on its wider base and larger counterweight that provide better balance against tipping forces.

1.7

• Hook: Used to attach loads to the crane.
• Pulley: Helps change the direction of the force applied to lift a load.
• Wire-rope: Used to lift loads; it carries the tensile strength needed for lifting.
• Wheel: Allows for the movement of the crane along tracks.
• Tracks: Provide a pathway for the crane to move and be positioned over the load.

1.8.1 The hazard in figure 1 could be a potential crane collapse due to overloading or structural failure.

1.8.2 Workers in the scene could have sustained serious injuries or fatalities from falling debris or being struck by the crane itself.