Sample Observation

Question

1 The drop of food coloring spreads slowly.
2 The drop of food coloring spreads very quickly.
A student places a drop of food coloring into two water samples. Her observations are shown in the table. Which statement best explains the observations in the table?

(1 point)
Responses

The temperature of sample 2 is close to freezing.
The temperature of sample 2 is close to freezing.

The water molecules of sample 1 are moving faster.
The water molecules of sample 1 are moving faster.

The temperature of sample 2 is higher.
The temperature of sample 2 is higher.

The water molecules of sample 1 are transferring more kinetic energy.

Answer 1

The statement that best explains the observations in the table is:

The temperature of sample 2 is higher.

This is because higher temperatures generally increase the kinetic energy of the water molecules, leading to a faster spread of the food coloring. In contrast, sample 1, with the slower spread, likely has a lower temperature.

Answer 2

Which experimental setup would let a student investigate the connection between kinetic energy and temperature?(1 point)
Responses

placing one drop of food coloring in a cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC; placing one drop of food coloring in a second cup with 50 mL of water at 40ºC
placing one drop of food coloring in a cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC; placing one drop of food coloring in a second cup with 50 mL of water at 40ºC

placing one drop of food coloring in a cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC; placing two drops of food coloring in a second cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC
placing one drop of food coloring in a cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC; placing two drops of food coloring in a second cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC

placing one drop of food coloring in a cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC; placing one drop of food coloring in a second cup with 100 mL of water at 10ºC
placing one drop of food coloring in a cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC; placing one drop of food coloring in a second cup with 100 mL of water at 10ºC

placing one drop of food coloring in a cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC; placing two drops of food coloring in a second cup with 100 mL of water at 40ºC

Answer 3

The best experimental setup to investigate the connection between kinetic energy and temperature is:

placing one drop of food coloring in a cup with 50 mL of water at 10ºC; placing one drop of food coloring in a second cup with 50 mL of water at 40ºC.

This setup allows the student to observe the effect of temperature on the rate at which the food coloring spreads, which is related to the kinetic energy of the water molecules at different temperatures.

Answer 4

Procedure Number Procedure Steps
1

Record temperature of water.
Put ice in water.
Record temperature after ice melts.
2
Put ice in water.
Touch water to determine if it feels colder after ice melts.
3
Measure the mass of the water.
Put ice in water.
Measure the mass of water as ice cubes melt.
4
Determine temperature and mass of water.
Put ice in water.
Record the time for ice to melt.
A student lists some possible ways to investigate the transfer of kinetic energy using ice in a sample of water. Which procedure would be best to investigate the transfer of kinetic energy?

(1 point)
Responses

4
4

1
1

2
2

3
3

Answer 5

The best procedure to investigate the transfer of kinetic energy using ice in a sample of water is:

1

This procedure involves recording the temperature of the water before and after the ice melts, which directly relates to the transfer of kinetic energy. The change in temperature can indicate how the kinetic energy of the water molecules changes as heat is absorbed from the surrounding water.

Answer 6

Sample Temperature (ºC)
L 40
M 88
N 21
The table shows the temperature of three water samples. Which list shows the samples in order from greatest to least average kinetic energy of the water molecules?

(1 point)
Responses

L, M, N
L, M, N

N, L, M
N, L, M

N, M, L
N, M, L

M, L, N

Answer 7

The correct order from greatest to least average kinetic energy of the water molecules, based on the temperatures given, is:

M, L, N

This is because higher temperatures correspond to greater average kinetic energy. Hence, the sample at 88ºC (M) has the greatest kinetic energy, followed by the sample at 40ºC (L), and then the sample at 21ºC (N) with the least kinetic energy.