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Question

The heating curve provides a visual representation of the connection between kinetic/potential energy and thermal energy. As the temperature gradually increases from 0°C to the melting point at 45°C, thermal energy transfers occur as particles shift from a solid to a liquid state. Subsequently, the sharp temperature rise from the melting point to the boiling point at 85°C illustrates the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy during the liquid-to-gas transition. Finally, the horizontal line at the boiling point, extending to the maximum temperature of 110°C, signifies consistent energy absorption while the substance remains in the gas phase. These observations collectively support the idea that as the substance transitions between states, kinetic energy increases while potential energy decreases, resulting in an overall rise in thermal energy. Thus, the relationship between kinetic/potential energy and thermal energy is both direct and increasing.

Answer 1

The heating curve visually demonstrates the relationship between kinetic/potential energy and thermal energy as a substance undergoes phase transitions. It shows how thermal energy transfers occur as the temperature increases from 0°C to the melting point at 45°C, shifting particles from solid to liquid states. The sharp increase in temperature from the melting to boiling point at 85°C indicates potential energy converting to kinetic energy during the liquid-to-gas transition. The horizontal line at the boiling point, up to a maximum temperature of 110°C, reflects consistent energy absorption in the gas phase. Overall, as the substance changes states, kinetic energy rises while potential energy decreases, leading to an increase in thermal energy. This demonstrates a direct and increasing relationship between kinetic/potential energy and thermal energy.