Abraham Lincoln's connection to Congressional Reconstruction is rooted in his initial efforts and visions for the post-Civil War Reconstruction process, which set the stage for the more stringent measures later adopted by Congress. Lincoln's approach to Reconstruction emphasized a lenient policy aimed at quickly reuniting the nation and forgiving the Southern states for their rebellions. His Ten Percent Plan, proposed in 1863, aimed to reintegrate the Southern states back into the Union rapidly, requiring only a small percentage of voters in each state to take an oath of allegiance to the Union.
However, this leniency created tensions with Congressional leaders who believed that a harsher approach was necessary to address the underlying issues of slavery and ensure civil rights for freedmen. After Lincoln's assassination in 1865, Congress took the lead on Reconstruction, implementing the more punitive measures that characterize Congressional Reconstruction, such as the Military Reconstruction Acts and the establishment of the Freedmen's Bureau.
Thus, Lincoln and Congressional Reconstruction are part of the same historical event but represent differing philosophies towards rebuilding the nation. Lincoln's vision of reconciliation contrasts sharply with the Congressional emphasis on civil rights and federal enforcement, indicating a shift in priorities following his death. Ultimately, while Lincoln’s intentions served as a foundational element for the Reconstruction era, it was Congressional actions that shaped the actual policies and outcomes during this turbulent period.