Researchers at the University of the Free State investigated a model for rate of seed germination. In one experiment, the alfalfa seeds were placed in a specially constructed germination chamber. Eleven hours later, the seeds were examined and the change in free energy recorded. The results for seeds germinated at seven different temperatures are given in the next table. The data were used to fit a linear regression model, with y = change in free energy and x = temperature.


CHANGE IN FREE ENERGY
TEMPERATURE
7
6.2
9
9.5
8.5
7.8
11.2
295
297.5
291
289
301
293
286.5


Determine: SYY

35.8143

16.5571

602 265.5

2 053

149.9286

1 answer

To find SYY (the total sum of squares), we need to calculate the sum of the squared differences between each observed y value and the mean y value.

First, calculate the mean of the y values:
mean_y = (7 + 6.2 + 9 + 9.5 + 8.5 + 7.8 + 11.2 + 295 + 297.5 + 291 + 289 + 301 + 293 + 286.5) / 14
mean_y = 2119 / 14
mean_y = 151.3571

Next, calculate the squared differences for each y value:
(7 - 151.3571)^2 = (-144.3571)^2 = 20860.682653
(6.2 - 151.3571)^2 = (-145.1571)^2 = 21086.193735
(9 - 151.3571)^2 = (-142.3571)^2 = 20243.180653
(9.5 - 151.3571)^2 = (-141.8571)^2 = 20114.577633
(8.5 - 151.3571)^2 = (-142.8571)^2 = 20408.774143
(7.8 - 151.3571)^2 = (-143.5571)^2 = 20596.411051
(11.2 - 151.3571)^2 = (-140.1571)^2 = 19641.386293
(295 - 151.3571)^2 = (143.6429)^2 = 20614.258943
(297.5 - 151.3571)^2 = (146.1429)^2 = 21376.558183
(291 - 151.3571)^2 = (139.6429)^2 = 19471.814623
(289 - 151.3571)^2 = (137.6429)^2 = 18936.470943
(301 - 151.3571)^2 = (149.6429)^2 = 22385.245943
(293 - 151.3571)^2 = (141.6429)^2 = 20058.024943
(286.5 - 151.3571)^2 = (135.1429)^2 = 18249.032943

Summing these squared differences:
SYY = 20860.682653 + 21086.193735 + 20243.180653 + 20114.577633 + 20408.774143 + 20596.411051 + 19641.386293 + 20614.258943 + 21376.558183 + 19471.814623 + 18936.470943 + 22385.245943 + 20058.024943 + 18249.032943
SYY = 276377.636963

Therefore, SYY is approximately 276377.637.