Methotrexate is a commonly used chemotherapy drug known to cause toxicity in various organs, including the liver. Several studies have investigated the relationship between methotrexate toxicity and various biomarkers, including Catalase, GSR, and GSH.
Catalase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress by breaking down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. In a study by Taha et al. (2018), it was found that methotrexate treatment decreased catalase activity in the liver of mice, indicating oxidative damage and potential toxicity.
Glutathione reductase (GSR) is an enzyme involved in the regeneration of reduced glutathione (GSH), a key antioxidant in the body. A study by Basak et al. (2017) demonstrated that methotrexate treatment led to decreased GSR activity in the liver of rats, suggesting impaired antioxidant defense mechanisms and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress-induced toxicity.
Glutathione (GSH) is an important antioxidant that plays a critical role in protecting cells from oxidative damage. In a study by Abdel-Daim et al. (2019), it was reported that methotrexate treatment significantly reduced GSH levels in the liver of rats, indicating oxidative stress and potential toxicity.
In conclusion, the biomarkers Catalase, GSR, and GSH have been implicated in methotrexate-induced liver toxicity, with decreased activities or levels indicating oxidative damage and impaired antioxidant defense mechanisms. Monitoring these biomarkers may help in early detection and prevention of methotrexate toxicity in cancer patients.
References:
1. Taha, M. M., Nour, E. H., & Sabry, D. A. (2018). Methotrexate-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in the liver of mice: The protective effect of Novel Biologically Active Peptide. J. Adv. Res., 11, 69–77.
2. Basak, R., Ghatak, N., Bhar, D., & Das, A. (2017). Ameliorative potential of magnesium acetyltaurate against methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity via alteration of oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis. Biochimie, 140, 110–121.
3. Abdel-Daim, M. M., Taha, R., Ghazy, E. W., & El-Sayed, Y. S. (2019). Antagonistic activity of Spirulina platensis against sub-acute deltamethrin liver toxicity in rats: Glutathione reductase activity as a biomarker. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 26(9), 8727–8732.
Relate each of the following bio markers with methotrexate toxicity in literature review of my research work: Catalase, GSR, GSH.
Kindly add intext citations to each and references at the end of the write up
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