The BEST option that describes a mathematical formula representing a digital object, which allows you to see and manipulate the object to create art, is:
3D model
A 3D model is a mathematical representation of a physical object in three dimensions, which can be viewed and manipulated using computer software. Wire-frame models are part of 3D modeling but are more basic as they represent only the edges and vertices of a structure. Kinetic models and motion graphics refer more to animation and visual effects rather than the static representation of an object.