To analyze the situation, we can apply Newton's second law of motion, which states that \( F = ma \), where \( F \) is the net force, \( m \) is the mass, and \( a \) is the acceleration.
Let's break down the options based on the relationship between mass, acceleration, and force:
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Increasing the acceleration of the airplane causes the engine to provide less force.
- This statement is incorrect. If acceleration increases, the force needed to achieve that acceleration also increases, assuming mass remains constant.
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Decreasing the mass of the airplane will result in the airplane accelerating less.
- This statement is incorrect. If the mass decreases, for a given force, the acceleration will actually increase according to \( F = ma \).
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Increasing the acceleration of the airplane causes the engine to provide more force.
- This statement is correct. If you need to increase the acceleration while keeping mass constant, the engine must provide more force to achieve that.
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Decreasing the mass of the airplane will result in the airplane accelerating more.
- This statement is also correct. If you decrease the mass and keep the force constant, the acceleration will increase.
Both options 3 and 4 are correct, but you can choose only one in this type of question. The first one that captures how acceleration relates to force is a better choice.
Therefore, the correct response is:
Increasing the acceleration of the airplane causes the engine to provide more force.
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