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The following scatter plot summarizes the amount of followers, in millions, of top Instagram accounts and the total likes they've received, in billions.

Select all true statements about correlation and causation within this context.
Responses

Since there is a moderately strong correlation, Instagram accounts with more followers tend to have larger total likes.
Since there is a moderately strong correlation, Instagram accounts with more followers tend to have larger total likes.

Causation can be established in this context because there is a clear relationship between the variables studied.
Causation can be established in this context because there is a clear relationship between the variables studied.

There is a moderately strong positive association between the amount of followers and its total likes.
There is a moderately strong positive association between the amount of followers and its total likes.

There is a moderately strong negative association between the amount of followers and its total likes.
There is a moderately strong negative association between the amount of followers and its total likes.

The data does not provide evidence that the more followers an Instagram account has causes the number of total likes to increase.
The data does not provide evidence that the more followers an Instagram account has causes the number of total likes to increase.

Since there is a moderately strong correlation, the data provides evidence that the more followers an Instagram account has causes the number of total likes to increase.

1 answer

Based on the information given about the scatter plot summarizing the relationship between Instagram followers and total likes, here are the true statements about correlation and causation:

  1. Since there is a moderately strong correlation, Instagram accounts with more followers tend to have larger total likes.

    • This statement is true, as a moderate correlation indicates that there is a tendency for accounts with more followers to also have more total likes.

  2. There is a moderately strong positive association between the amount of followers and its total likes.

    • This statement is also true. A moderately strong correlation suggests a positive association, meaning as the number of followers increases, the total likes tend to increase as well.

  3. The data does not provide evidence that the more followers an Instagram account has causes the number of total likes to increase.

    • This statement is true. Correlation does not imply causation. While there is a correlation, we cannot conclude that having more followers causes an increase in total likes without further evidence.

The following statements are false:

  1. Causation can be established in this context because there is a clear relationship between the variables studied.

    • This statement is false. Correlation does not imply causation. Just because there is a relationship does not mean one variable causes the other.

  2. There is a moderately strong negative association between the amount of followers and its total likes.

    • This statement is false. A moderately strong negative association would suggest that as one variable increases, the other decreases, which contradicts the given information that there is a moderately strong correlation indicating a positive association.

  3. Since there is a moderately strong correlation, the data provides evidence that the more followers an Instagram account has causes the number of total likes to increase.

    • This statement is false, as correlation does not imply causation.

In summary, the true statements are the first, second, and fifth ones listed above, while the others are false.