The breathing process is controlled by:
- the diaphragm.
- rib muscles.
The diaphragm and rib muscles play crucial roles in the mechanics of breathing. The pharynx is part of the respiratory system but does not control breathing; it is involved in the passage of air to the trachea and serves as a pathway for air and food. Blood vessels are involved in gas exchange and transport but are not directly responsible for the breathing process itself.