The Quran and Hadith played a crucial role in the early rise and spread of Islam by providing foundational teachings, guidelines for moral conduct, and insights into governance. The Quran, regarded as the direct word of God as revealed to Muhammad, established core beliefs and practices of Islam, such as the oneness of God, prayer, charity, and community obligations. These teachings promoted social cohesion and a sense of identity among early Muslims.
The Hadith, which comprises the sayings and actions of Muhammad, further elaborated on his teachings and provided practical examples of how to implement Islamic principles in daily life. Together, the Quran and Hadith emphasized the importance of justice, compassion, and the responsibility of the Muslim community to foster a morally upright society.
Additionally, they outlined the roles of the first four caliphs—Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali—in shaping the early Islamic Empire and maintaining unity among Muslims during a time of rapid expansion. These texts affirmed the legitimacy of their leadership and encouraged adherence to Islamic principles in governance, which helped solidify the political structure of the emerging empire.
Furthermore, the Quran and Hadith authenticated the pivotal role of Muhammad’s companions in spreading Islam, as their actions and decisions set precedents for future Muslim conduct and leadership. Overall, as primary sources, both the Quran and Hadith not only defined the religious framework of Islam but also guided its political and social development during its formative years.