The process shown in the equation \( 6CO_2 + 12H_2O \xrightarrow{\text{light}} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6H_2O + 6O_2 \) is photosynthesis. This process occurs in plants and is driven by light energy, primarily using chlorophyll present in the chloroplasts of plant cells to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen.
Given the options you provided, the correct choice would be:
C: plants, but not animals
Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, and some bacteria, but it does not occur in animals.