Question 31

Question

Trial Force (N) Acceleration (m/s^2)
1 10 N 2.5
2 12 3
3 22 5.5
Students are running an experiment in which they are measuring the acceleration after applying forces to a cart. Using the data above, what is the mass of the cart?

a
2 kg
b
4 kg
c
6 kg
d
8 kg
Question 32
According to Newton's Third Law, if a sledgehammer hits a wall with a force of 1000 N, how much force does the wall hit the sledgehammer?

a
0 N
b
500 N
c
1000 N
d
- 1000 N

Answer 1

To determine the answers for both questions, let's apply the relevant physics principles.

Question 31: Mass of the cart

To find the mass of the cart, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which is stated as:

\[ F = m \cdot a \]

Where:

• \( F \) is the force applied,
• \( m \) is the mass,
• \( a \) is the acceleration.

We can rearrange this formula to solve for mass \( m \):

\[ m = \frac{F}{a} \]

Using the data from one of the trials (it doesn't matter which trial, as they should all yield the same mass if consistent):

For Trial 1:

• \( F = 10 , \text{N} \)
• \( a = 2.5 , \text{m/s}^2 \)

Then, we calculate:

\[ m = \frac{10 , \text{N}}{2.5 , \text{m/s}^2} = 4 , \text{kg} \]

So, the answer for Question 31 is (b) 4 kg.

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Question 32: Force of the wall on the sledgehammer

According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that if the sledgehammer hits the wall with a force of 1000 N, the wall exerts an equal force back on the sledgehammer.

Thus, the force that the wall hits the sledgehammer is:

1000 N in the opposite direction.

So, the answer for Question 32 is (c) 1000 N.

Final Answers:

• Question 31: (b) 4 kg
• Question 32: (c) 1000 N