Question 22

Trial Force (N) Acceleration (m/s^2)
1 10 N 2.5
2 12 3
3 22 5.5
Students are running an experiment in which they are measuring the acceleration after applying forces to a cart. Using the data above, what is the mass of the cart?

a
2 kg
b
4 kg
c
6 kg
d
8 kg

1 answer

To find the mass of the cart, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that \( F = m \cdot a \), where \( F \) is the force applied, \( m \) is the mass of the object, and \( a \) is the acceleration.

We can rearrange the equation to solve for mass:

\[ m = \frac{F}{a} \]

Using the data from any of the trials, we can calculate the mass.

  1. Trial 1:
    • Force (F) = 10 N
    • Acceleration (a) = 2.5 m/s²

\[ m = \frac{10 , \text{N}}{2.5 , \text{m/s}^2} = 4 , \text{kg} \]

  1. Trial 2:
    • Force (F) = 12 N
    • Acceleration (a) = 3 m/s²

\[ m = \frac{12 , \text{N}}{3 , \text{m/s}^2} = 4 , \text{kg} \]

  1. Trial 3:
    • Force (F) = 22 N
    • Acceleration (a) = 5.5 m/s²

\[ m = \frac{22 , \text{N}}{5.5 , \text{m/s}^2} = 4 , \text{kg} \]

In all trials, we consistently calculate the mass of the cart to be 4 kg.

The correct answer is:

b) 4 kg.