In the setup you've described for measuring the rate of photosynthesis (using a water plant in a beaker with an inverted tube to collect oxygen), several primary limiting factors can impact the rate of photosynthesis:
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Light Intensity: The amount and quality of light available to the plant will directly affect the rate of photosynthesis, as light is essential for the process.
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Dissolved Carbon Dioxide Concentration: The concentration of carbon dioxide in the water is vital for photosynthesis, as it is one of the raw materials required for the photosynthetic process.
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Dissolved Oxygen Concentration: While oxygen is a product of photosynthesis, in specific conditions it can also affect the rate indirectly by affecting the overall health and metabolic functions of the plant. However, it is generally considered more of a product than a limiting factor in this context.
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Temperature: Although not specifically mentioned, temperature can also be a limiting factor since it affects enzyme activity involved in photosynthesis.
Note: "Dissolved glucose concentration" does not directly limit the rate of photosynthesis; glucose is a product of photosynthesis rather than a reactant.
Therefore, the primary limiting factors from the options you've given would be light intensity and dissolved carbon dioxide concentration.
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