Question 21 (4 points)

Question

Question 21 (4 points)
Match the following term with its definition

Column A
1.
Salt Wedging:
Salt Wedging
2.
Frost Wedging:
Frost Wedging
3.
Oxidation:
Oxidation
4.
Carbonation:
Carbonation
Column B
a.A chemical process in which matter reacts with oxygen, typically creating a more brittle substance afterwards, and most often, rust!
b.Slow cracking of rock when ocean water seeps in, creating mineral crystals that cause the crack to deepen.
c.The slow cracking of rock by having water seep into cracks and expand when it freezes
d.A chemical process in which carbon dioxide dissolves into water, producing carbonic acid. Ex: Limestone caves!
Question 22 (1 point)
Which statement about how Weathering and Erosion interact with Earth's Spheres is Correct?  Weathering and Erosion | Science Lesson For Kids | Grades 3-5

a
Weathering and Erosion is the destruction of the biosphere, caused by massive changes in the composition of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere
 b
Weathering and Erosion is the breaking of the lithosphere (geosphere), which is caused by weathering agents from the biosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere
 c
Weathering and Erosion is the polluting of the atmosphere, caused by the industries of the hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere
 d
Weathering and Erosion is the carbonation of the hydrosphere, caused by the pollution of the atmosphere, biosphere and lithosphere
Question 23 (1 point)
Anylayze this chart on the effect of Mass on Gravitational Force between two objects:

Question: What happens to the Gravitational Force if ONE of the object's Mass was CUT IN HALF, while the other remained the same?

a
The gravitational force is halved
 b
The gravitational force is doubled
 c
The gravitational force is quadrupled
 d
The gravitational force is cut into one fourth
Question 24 (1 point)
What instrument is used by scientists to measure the strenghth of earthquakes?

a
Hydrometer
 b
Barometer
 c
Siesmograph
 d
Chromograph
Question 25 (1 point)
Certain types of lichen grow on rocks. These lichen secrete a form of acid that breaks bonds and weakens the rock over time. This is an example of:

Lichen Crust on Desert Rocks - DesertUSA

a
Salt Wedging
 b
Abrasion
 c
Chemical Weathering
 d
Physical Weathering
Question 26 (1 point)
A convergent boundary where a more dense plate sinks underneath the less dense plate is a process called:

a
Subduction
 b
Mountain building
 c
Divergence
 d
Slip-Streak
Question 27 (1 point)
The resulting landform an Oceanic Plate converging with Oceanic plate is a Deep Ocean Trench along an Island Arc.

True
 False
Question 28 (1 point)
Earth Scientists found a Fossil in a Sedimentary rock formation. How can they use Radiocarbon dating of the Fossil to determine the ages of the rock layers around it?

a
Radiocarbon dating is Absolute dating which will determine the exact age of the fossil, and therefore also its rock layer. Once they know the age of this layer, they can estimate the ages of the adjacent rock layers above and below it.
 b
Radiocarbon dating determine the amount of carbon still present in the fossil/rock layer and then you can use the equation of carbonation from chemical weathering to determine the age of the layers above and below it.
 c
Radiocarbon dating is only a Relative dating procedure, and therefore they would not be able to tell any specific ages of the fossil, the rock layer it is embedded in, or the rock layers above or below it.
Question 29 (1 point)
Alfred Wegner's Continential Drift Theory was very widely accepted at the time he proposed it.What is Continental Drift? - WorldAtlas

True
 False
Question 30 (1 point)
According to the Theory of Plate Tectonics, why are the plates moving (and therefore the oceanic and continental crust as well) ?

Plate tectonics | Definition, Theory, Facts, & Evidence | Britannica

a
The tectonic plates upon which the continents sit are blown by the global winds across the atmosphere.
 b
The tectonic plates upon which the continents sit are floating around on the semi-liquid asthenosphere of the mantle.
 c
The tectonic plates upon which the continents sit are being pushed around by the weathering forces that affect the lithosphere.
 d
The tectonic plates upon which the continents sit are being moved by conservation of momentum as animals walk across the surface.
Question 31 (1 point)
How are Mountains on land, like the Himalayas. created by plate motion?

Himalayas | Definition, Location, History, Countries, Mountains, Map, &  Facts | Britannica

a
Two plates diverge, thus creating an open tunnel to the liquid mantle on the surface, the upwelling of the liquid rock creating the mountain ranges
 b
Two plates of different density converge, causing large volcanic activity which throws liquid rock materials into the air, that will fall down and collect and harden to create the mountains
 c
Two plates of almost equal density converge and, instead of subducting under one another, they uplift into a mountain.
 d
Two plates of almost equal density slip past/transform one another, creating seismic waves that tear the ground up and create the mountain ranges
Question 32 (1 point)
The following rock form pictured below was most likely produced by which weathering effect?

a
Oxidation
 b
Seismic activity
 c
Frost wedging
 d
Abrasion by wind
Question 33 (1 point)
Which term is used to represent the total collected surface water, underground water, and atmospheric water? What is Hydrosphere? Examples, Facts and Faqs - Turito

a
Biosphere
 b
Hydrosphere
 c
Lithosphere
 d
Atmosphere
Question 34 (1 point)
What does the following picture tell us about the age of rocks?

a
The oldest rocks are molten, and when they exit a volcano, this causes the oldest rocks to now be on the surface
 b
All Sedimentary rocks are destined to be Igneous.
 c
The type of magma released from volcanic activity will determine if a rock will be one day become Sedimentary or Metamorphic
 d
When molten material exits the crust, it cools to form new rock which means the youngest/newest rocks are produced on the surface.
Question 35 (1 point)
What is the primary evidence for the existance of Dark Energy?

Dark energy: Understanding the mystery force that rules the universe | New  Scientist

a
Stars do not produce enough energy to account for the amount of light radiation observed, so those stars must have dark energy as well.
 b
Galaxies are releasing too much radioactive material to explain the amount of energy produced by stars, so there must be Dark Energy to make up the balance.
 c
Dark Energy is needed to produce some of the heavier elements in the Universe, as stars cannot generate the energy to do that.
 d
The Universe is expanding faster and faster and only has so much energy to work with, so Dark Energy must exist to explain the additional velocity of expansion.
Question 36 (1 point)
The point on the surface, above the origin of an earthquake, is called a(n): (#2 in the diagram)

Plate tectonics review part 2 Diagram | Quizlet

a
Boundary
 b
Focus
 c
Epicenter
 d
Fault
Question 37 (1 point)
Which of the following is evidence of Continental Drift?

a
Magnetic strips on the ocean floor, moving away from the Mid-Ocean Ridge
 b
Glossopteris Fossil locations on 5 different continents
 c
Folded Mountains on the edge of South America and Africa
 d
All of the above
Question 38 (2 points)
Put the layers of the Sun in order from INSIDE (Top) to the Outside (Bottom)

File:469368main sun layers unlabeled full.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

Reorder answers
1.Photosphere
Reorder answers
2.Convection Zone
Reorder answers
3.Radiative Zone
Reorder answers
4.Core
Question 39 (1 point)
The oldest known fossils belonged to creatures called

a
Algae
 b
Cyanobacteria
 c
Dinosaurs
 d
Protozoa
Question 40 (1 point)
Which of the following would be considered an agent of weathering:

a
Animals
 b
Plants
 c
Wind
 d
All of the above

GPT-4o mini · Answer

Here are the answers to your questions:

Question 21: Match the following term with its definition

Salt Wedging: b. Slow cracking of rock when ocean water seeps in, creating mineral crystals that cause the crack to deepen.
Frost Wedging: c. The slow cracking of rock by having water seep into cracks and expand when it freezes.
Oxidation: a. A chemical process in which matter reacts with oxygen, typically creating a more brittle substance afterwards, and most often, rust!
Carbonation: d. A chemical process in which carbon dioxide dissolves into water, producing carbonic acid. Ex: Limestone caves!

Question 22: Which statement about how Weathering and Erosion interact with Earth's Spheres is Correct?

b. Weathering and Erosion is the breaking of the lithosphere (geosphere), which is caused by weathering agents from the biosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.

Question 23: What happens to the Gravitational Force if ONE of the object's Mass was CUT IN HALF, while the other remained the same?

a. The gravitational force is halved.

Question 24: What instrument is used by scientists to measure the strength of earthquakes?

c. Seismograph

Question 25: Certain types of lichen grow on rocks... This is an example of:

c. Chemical Weathering

Question 26: A convergent boundary where a more dense plate sinks underneath the less dense plate is a process called:

a. Subduction

Question 27: The resulting landform an Oceanic Plate converging with Oceanic plate is a Deep Ocean Trench along an Island Arc.

True

Question 28: Earth Scientists found a Fossil in a Sedimentary rock formation...

a. Radiocarbon dating is Absolute dating which will determine the exact age of the fossil, and therefore also its rock layer. Once they know the age of this layer, they can estimate the ages of the adjacent rock layers above and below it.

Question 29: Alfred Wegner's Continental Drift Theory was very widely accepted at the time he proposed it.

False

Question 30: According to the Theory of Plate Tectonics, why are the plates moving...?

b. The tectonic plates upon which the continents sit are floating around on the semi-liquid asthenosphere of the mantle.

Question 31: How are Mountains on land, like the Himalayas, created by plate motion?

c. Two plates of almost equal density converge and, instead of subducting under one another, they uplift into a mountain.

Question 32: The following rock form pictured below was most likely produced by which weathering effect?

a. Oxidation

Question 33: Which term is used to represent... total collected surface water, underground water, and atmospheric water?

b. Hydrosphere

Question 34: What does the following picture tell us about the age of rocks?

d. When molten material exits the crust, it cools to form new rock which means the youngest/newest rocks are produced on the surface.

Question 35: What is the primary evidence for the existence of Dark Energy?

d. The Universe is expanding faster and faster and only has so much energy to work with, so Dark Energy must exist to explain the additional velocity of expansion.

Question 36: The point on the surface, above the origin of an earthquake, is called a(n):

c. Epicenter

Question 37: Which of the following is evidence of Continental Drift?

d. All of the above

Question 38: Put the layers of the Sun in order from INSIDE (Top) to the Outside (Bottom)

Core
Radiative Zone
Convection Zone
Photosphere

Question 39: The oldest known fossils belonged to creatures called

b. Cyanobacteria

Question 40: Which of the following would be considered an agent of weathering:

d. All of the above