Question 1

Question

Which statement best describes the plasma membrane of a living plant cell?
The plasma membrane of a plant cell is

a
composed of two layers of proteins and carbohydrates only.
b
designed to allow for the free flow of all protein substances to move into and out of the cell.
c
composed of two layers of proteins with floating molecules of lipids only.
d
designed to allow certain substances to enter and certain substances to exit the cell.
Question 2
How is a mitochondrion's structure related to its function?

a
Mitochondria have no internal membranes.
b
The mitochondrion's internal membrane is not folded, which allows more sites for reactions.
c
The complex folding pattern of the mitochondrion's membrane does not provide many sites where reactions can occur.
d
The complex folding pattern of the mitochondrion's membrane provides many sites where reactions can occur.
Question 3
Please match the following terms to their corresponding cell structure.

Column A
1.
cell membrane:
cell membrane
2.
nucleus:
nucleus
3.
chromosomes/genes:
chromosomes/genes
4.
cytoplasm:
cytoplasm
5.
centrioles:
centrioles
6.
mitochondria:
mitochondria
7.
ribosomes:
ribosomes
8.
lysosomes:
lysosomes
9.
Golgi apparatus:
Golgi apparatus
10.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum:
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
11.
rough endoplasmic reticulum:
rough endoplasmic reticulum
12.
cytoskeleton:
cytoskeleton
13.
flagella:
flagella
14.
cilia:
cilia
Column B
a.control center of cell
b.involved in cell division, make spindle fibers
c.required to make/build proteins
d.has ribosomes, site of most protein synthesis in cell
e.site of lipid and steroid synthesis
f.encloses and protects cell from outside environment
g.long,whiplike projection from cell membrane
h.puts final touches on proteins and packages them
i.gives support/structure to the cell
j.powerhouse of the cell
k.instructions for the cell
l.clean-up crew for the cell(housekeeping)
m.short, hairlike projections on cell membrane
n.gel-like substance in the cell
Question 4
About one in one million people are born with Dyskeratosis Congenita. This
disease affects many areas of the body. It causes fingernails and toenails to grow abnormally and discoloration of the skin. Dyskeratosis Congenita is caused by a mutation in a gene responsible for the production of ribosomes; therefore, ribosome functioning is impaired. What is the function of the ribosomes?

a
They remove substances
b
They produce energy
c
They breakdown chemicals
d
They produce proteins
Question 5
Some components of cells are listed.

Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Cell membrane
Which of the components could be observed using a microscope in a prepared slide of leaf epidermal cells but not in a prepared slide of human cheek cells?

a
Components 3 and 4 only
b
Components 1, 2, and 3 only
c
Components 1 and 5 only
d
Components 2 and 3 only
Question 6
What function do ribosomes have within a cell?

a
Ribosomes control what enters and exits the cell.
b
Ribosomes contain genetic material.
c
Ribosomes synthesize proteins.
d
Ribosomes produce ATP.
Question 7
How do ribosomes and the Golgi apparatus interact to maintain homeostasis?

a
Ribosomes transport proteins and enzymes that are synthesized by the Golgi apparatus.
b
Ribosomes store molecules that are converted into usable energy by the Golgi apparatus.
c
Ribosomes synthesize proteins that are sorted and packaged by the Golgi apparatus.
d
Ribosomes store liquids and other waste products that are created by the Golgi apparatus.
Question 8
The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called:

a
decomposers
b
eukaryotes
c
prokaryotes
d
pathogens
Question 9
The diagram below shows the structure of a bacterial cell.

Which of the following distinguishes this bacterial cell from eukaryotes?

a
Ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell, and eukaryotes do not have ribosomes.
b
The bacterial cell is a unicellular organism, and all eukaryotes are multicellular.
c
DNA in the bacterial cell is always in contact with the cytoplasm, and all eukaryotes have DNA located inside a nucleus.
d
The bacterial cell has both a cell membrane and a cell wall, and eukaryotes have only cell membranes.
Question 10
How do active transport and facilitated diffusion differ?

a
one uses help from proteins and the other does not
b
one requires energy and the other does not
c
active transport moves molecules against a concentration gradient and facilitated diffusion does not
d
both b & c
Question 11
Which of these describes diffusion?

a
The net movement of any type of molecule from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
b
The active transport of particles into a cell
c
The net movement of any type of molecule from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
d
The active transport of particles out of a cell
Question 12
A balloon allows water but not sugar to pass through it. The balloon contains a 10% sugar solution. A beaker contains a 5% sugar solution. Which statement is true?

maxresdefault_62fff04e3a747.jpg

a
When placed in the beaker, the balloon will gain water by osmosis.
b
When placed in the beaker, the balloon will lose water by osmosis.
c
When placed in the beaker, the balloon will gain water by active transport.
d
When placed in the beaker, the balloon will lose water by active transport.
Question 13
After eating a salty snack like potato chips, the cells in your mouth become saturated with salt. What happens to the cells in your mouth as they react to the ELEVATED salt environment?

a
water moves into the cell causing them to burst.
b
salt moves into the cell causing them to burst.
c
water moves out of the cell causing them to shrink.
d
salt moves out of the cell causing them to shrink
Question 14
A freshwater paramecium is placed in salt water. Which of the following events would most likely occur? (Ask yourself where the water in the paramecium is going!!)



a
shriveling of the cell
b
swelling of the cell until it becomes turgid
c
swelling of the cell until it bursts
d
an increase in the action of its contractile vacuole
Question 15
Which of the following statements is NOT part of the "Cell Theory"?



a
All cells arise spontaneously.
b
All living things or organisms are made of cells.
c
Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
d
All cells arise from preexisting cells.
Question 16
Researchers conducted a study concerning cellular transport in animal cells affected by mitochondrial disease. The disease affects an organism's ability to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). During their study, which method of cellular transport still functioned in the affected animal cells?

a
Active transport
b
Phagocytosis
c
Pinocytosis
d
Simple diffusion
Question 17
Under what condition will diffusion take place most rapidly?

a
movement from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
b
movement from an area of low concentration to high concentration
c
movement through a permanent barrier
d
movement against a concentration gradient
Question 18
The diffusion of WATER across a selectively permeable membrane is called

a
equilibrium
b
facilitated diffusion
c
osmosis
d
active transport
Question 19
When a cell needs to get rid of waste products and push them OUT OF THE CELL, which term best describe the process by which cells release substances from the cell?

a
endocytosis
b
phagocytosis
c
exocytosis
d
pinocytosis
Question 20
A substance that moves across a cell membrane without using the cell’s energy tends to move___________.



a
away from the area where it is less concentrated
b
away from the area where it is more concentrated
c
away from the area of equilibrium
d
toward the area where it is more concentrated

Answer 1

Here are the answers to the questions based on the information provided:

Question 1

d - designed to allow certain substances to enter and certain substances to exit the cell.

Question 2

d - The complex folding pattern of the mitochondrion's membrane provides many sites where reactions can occur.

Question 3

Matches:

1. cell membrane: f - encloses and protects cell from outside environment
2. nucleus: a - control center of cell
3. chromosomes/genes: k - instructions for the cell
4. cytoplasm: n - gel-like substance in the cell
5. centrioles: b - involved in cell division, make spindle fibers
6. mitochondria: j - powerhouse of the cell
7. ribosomes: c - required to make/build proteins
8. lysosomes: l - clean-up crew for the cell(housekeeping)
9. Golgi apparatus: h - puts final touches on proteins and packages them
10. smooth endoplasmic reticulum: e - site of lipid and steroid synthesis
11. rough endoplasmic reticulum: d - has ribosomes, site of most protein synthesis in cell
12. cytoskeleton: i - gives support/structure to the cell
13. flagella: g - long, whiplike projection from cell membrane
14. cilia: m - short, hairlike projections on cell membrane

Question 4

d - They produce proteins.

Question 5

a - Components 3 and 4 only (Chloroplasts and Cell Wall).

Question 6

c - Ribosomes synthesize proteins.

Question 7

c - Ribosomes synthesize proteins that are sorted and packaged by the Golgi apparatus.

Question 8

c - prokaryotes.

Question 9

c - DNA in the bacterial cell is always in contact with the cytoplasm, and all eukaryotes have DNA located inside a nucleus.

Question 10

d - both b & c (one requires energy and the other does not, and active transport moves molecules against a concentration gradient while facilitated diffusion does not).

Question 11

a - The net movement of any type of molecule from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Question 12

a - When placed in the beaker, the balloon will gain water by osmosis.

Question 13

c - water moves out of the cell causing them to shrink.

Question 14

a - shriveling of the cell.

Question 15

a - All cells arise spontaneously.

Question 16

d - Simple diffusion.

Question 17

a - movement from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 18

c - osmosis.

Question 19

c - exocytosis.

Question 20

d - toward the area where it is more concentrated.

Feel free to ask if you need further clarification or assistance!