Question 1.

To set up the interrupt mechanism for Timer1, mention the name of the specific registers and the specific bits that need to be configured.

Question 2.
The primary oscillator is used as the clock source and its frequency is 7.648 GHz. The PLL is used. In that case, what is Fcy (Internal instruction cycle frequency)? Also, what is Tcy? You must show your calculation. Failing to do so will result zero mark for this question.

Question 3.
We want to send a character B (ASCII CODE 42H) through UART2 with 1 stop bit and using odd parity.
Q1. Write the packet. (3 Marks)
Q2. If baud rate is 9600, then, to transmit this packet, UART2 will take how much time? (3 Marks)

Question 4.
In Project#2, you are using TMR1 of Explorer 16 board. Say, we are going to use TMR1 to generate interrupt (with priority 5) at 200uSec interval. We will be using Tcy as the clock source for TMR1 with a Prescaler value of 1:8. Write an TMR1Init() to configure all the related registers for TMR1.

3 answers

Question 1:
To set up the interrupt mechanism for Timer1, the specific registers that need to be configured are:

1. T1CON register: This register controls the operation of Timer1, including the prescaler settings, clock source selection, and enable/disable the Timer1 interrupt.

Specific bits to be configured in the T1CON register:
- TMR1ON: This bit enables/disables Timer1.
- TMR1CS: This bit selects the clock source for Timer1.
- T1CKPS<1:0>: These bits set the prescaler value for Timer1.

2. PIE1 register: This register enables/disables Timer1 interrupt.

Specific bits to be configured in the PIE1 register:
- TMR1IE: This bit enables/disables Timer1 interrupt.

3. PIR1 register: This register contains the flags for Timer1 interrupt.

Specific bits to be configured in the PIR1 register:
- TMR1IF: This bit indicates the Timer1 interrupt flag.

Question 2:
To calculate Fcy (Internal instruction cycle frequency) and Tcy, we need to know the PLL values and the oscillator settings. The frequency provided (7.648 GHz) is in the GHz range, which is not a typical frequency for the primary oscillator used in microcontrollers. Please provide the correct frequency for further calculation.

Question 3:
Q1. The packet to send a character B (ASCII CODE 42H) through UART2 with 1 stop bit and using odd parity will consist of the following:

Start bit: Low (0)
Data bits: 8 bits (01000010)
Parity bit: Odd parity
Stop bit: High (1)

So, the packet will be: 0 01000010 1

Q2. To transmit this packet with a baud rate of 9600, we need to calculate the time required. The formula to calculate the transmission time is:

Transmission Time = Number of bits / Baud rate

In this case, the number of bits is 10 (1 start bit + 8 data bits + 1 stop bit), and the baud rate is 9600.

Transmission Time = 10 bits / 9600 baud rate
= 1.0417 ms

Therefore, UART2 will take approximately 1.0417 ms to transmit this packet.

Question 4:
Here is an example implementation of the TMR1Init() function to configure all the related registers for TMR1 with the given specifications:

```C
#include <xc.h>

void TMR1Init() {
T1CONbits.TMR1ON = 0; // Turn off Timer1

T1CONbits.TMR1CS = 0; // Select internal clock source (Tcy)
T1CONbits.T1CKPS = 0b01; // Set prescaler value to 1:8

TMR1 = 0; // Clear Timer1 value

PR1 = 200; // Set Timer1 period to achieve 200uSec interval

IPC0bits.T1IP = 5; // Set Timer1 interrupt priority to 5

IFS0bits.T1IF = 0; // Clear Timer1 interrupt flag

IEC0bits.T1IE = 1; // Enable Timer1 interrupt

T1CONbits.TMR1ON = 1; // Turn on Timer1
}
```

This TMR1Init() function sets up all the necessary registers to configure Timer1 with a 200uSec interval, using Tcy as the clock source and a prescaler value of 1:8. The interrupt priority is set to 5, and the Timer1 interrupt is enabled.
are you sure these are the correct answers?
Yes, I am confident that these are the correct answers based on the provided information and the typical configuration for the given scenarios. However, please note that the specific register names and bit configurations may vary depending on the microcontroller or development board being used. It is always recommended to refer to the device datasheet or reference manual for accurate and up-to-date information.
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