Question 1

Question

The graph below shows the energy changes taking place as a chemical reaction progresses.

If an enzyme is added, which arrow’s magnitude (directional size) will change? Will it increase or decrease?

a
Arrow A will increase
b
Arrow A will decrease
c
Arrow B will increase
d
Arrow B will decrease
Question 2
Which of the following is true about ALL enzymes?
Enzymes and X-rays: Study reveals hidden acrobatics of cellular catalysts | Nebraska Today | University of Nebraska–Lincoln







a
They change the amount of energy released at the end of a reaction.
b
They catalyze a variety of different reactions.
c
They work on a single set of substrates.
d
They break down immediately following the reaction it catalyzes.
Question 3
A monomer is to a polymer, like a

a
word is to a sentence.
b
Lego block is to a Lego castle.
c
tree is to a forest.
d
All of the above
Question 4
Proteins are important organic compounds found in all living things. They are composed of building blocks called __.

a
lipids
b
amino acids
c
nucleic acids
d
monosaccharides
Question 5
How are the Earth's crust and humans the most similar according to these graphs?

a
The largest percentage of both is oxygen.
b
Chemical reactions occur with similar frequency in humans and the Earth's crust.
c
The smallest percentage of both is potassium.
d
Silicon is rarely found in nature.
Question 6


Mrs. Ruhala set up an experiment where she tested for the presence of monosaccharides in food. She took a cracker, and it tested negative for monosaccharides. Then she put the cracker in her mouth, chewed it for a few minutes, and then spit it out into a test tube. It now tested positive for monosaccharides.

What happened?

a
Water in the saliva catalyzed the cracker proteins and broke them into monosaccharides.
b
The physical action of chewing broke down the lipids in the cracker and producing a positive reaction.
c
Mrs. Ruhala is a magical being and ewww.
d
An enzyme in her mouth broke down the polysaccharides in the cracker into monosaccharides.
Question 7
Match the organic macromolecule with one of its cellular roles in living organisms.

Fab Four Art (Page #5 of 12) | Fine Art America

Column A
1.
Lipids:
Lipids
2.
Carbohydrates:
Carbohydrates
3.
Proteins:
Proteins
4.
Nucleic acids:
Nucleic acids
Column B
a.Used primarily for protein synthesis - determine what and who you are.
b.
Primary source of energy for most organisms, and are made of at least one monosaccharide.

c.
High energy value storage material and can be used for insulation and cushioning.

d.
Some types lower the energy of activation for reactions to occur more quickly, all are made up of amino acids.

Question 8
Look at the graph below.

Image

According to the graph, at which temperature do the two enzymes have about the same amount of activity?

a
25° C
b
47° C
c
57° C
d
93° C
Question 9
Proteins that act as catalysts are known as _______.

a
lipids
b
enzymes
c
triglycerides
d
sugars
Question 10
A student measured the time required for a protein sample to be completely digested in the presence of an enzyme under different pH levels. At which pH are ALL three of the enzymes below the LEAST effective?

a
2
b
5
c
7
d
10
Question 11
Review the diagram, below - which letter represents the substrate?

a
A
b
B
c
C
d
D
Question 12
A student sets up an investigation by placing a plastic bag over a plant. She secures the plastic bag so that it is completely sealed and nothing can enter. She observes the plant daily to see if it remains green and healthy.

Which TWO questions is this investigation, as described, designed to answer?

a
Can the plant perform photosynthesis without a large supply of carbon dioxide?
b
Can the plant perform photosynthesis without a large supply of oxygen?
c
Can the plant perform respiration faster than a plant that is not sealed?
d
Can the plant perform respiration without a large supply of carbon dioxide?
e
Can the plant perform respiration without a large supply of oxygen?
f
Can the plant perform photosynthesis faster than a plant that is not sealed?
Question 13
molecular_diagrams

Which of the above structures represent a carbohydrate?

a
A
b
B
c
C
d
D
Question 14
Which element is present in all ORGANIC molecules?

a
oxygen
b
carbon
c
phosphorus
d
wadenesium
Question 15
In the Enzyme-Substrate Complex model below, what is represented by E?

a
enzyme
b
product
c
substrate
d
active site
Question 16
What are the building blocks of proteins?

a
sugars
b
amino acids
c
glycerol
d
glucose
Question 17
Lipids are group of chemicals that include oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
True
False
Question 18
Match each type of complex molecule to the type of simpler molecule that it is broken down into.



Column A
1.
carbohydrates:
carbohydrates
2.
nucleic acids:
nucleic acids
3.
lipids:
lipids
4.
proteins:
proteins
Column B
a.monosaccarides
b.fatty acids
c.nucleotides
d.amino acids
Question 19
The building blocks of proteins are known as:

How Many Combinations Are Possible Using 6 LEGO Bricks? | Mental Floss

a
polysaccharides
b
monosaccharides
c
nucleic acids
d
amino acids
Question 20
Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in

a
plant cells only
b
all cell types, but plant cells
c
all cells, all the time
d
animal cells only
Question 21
Study the information on the chart and the graphic. What can you infer about photosynthesis?


a
The closer the light source, the lower the amount of oxygen gas produced.
b
The closer the light source, the higher the amount of oxygen gas produced.
c
The closer the light source, the higher the amount of carbon dioxide gas produced.
d
The closer the light source, the lower the amount of carbon dioxide gas produced.
Question 22
Name this summary reaction for all the points!

Chemical formula: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + (light energy) → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

a
Cellular respiration
b
Photosynthesis
c
Lipid hydrolysis
d
Dehydration synthesis
Question 23


A scientist designed an experiment to examine the effects of exercise on respiration. He collected the volume of the gases produced by a group of people as they were running, walking, and at rest for 5 minute time periods.



Which question can the scientist answer with his experiment?



a
Does the amount of oxygen produced during physical activity depend on time?
b
Does the amount of time spent being active affect the volume of carbon dioxide breathed in?
c
Does increased activity lead to a higher volume of carbon dioxide produced?
d
Does decreased activity require a higher amount of oxygen than increased activity?
Question 24




GIF atp - animated GIF on GIFER

a
ATP collects chemical energy from the cells, later to release as light energy.
b
ATP stores energy captured from sunlight to be used when producing sugars.
c
ATP is a building block of carbohydrates and stores energy as starch in plant cells.
d
ATP is an enzyme, increasing the rate of photosynthesis and decreasing the need for water.
Question 25
Please MATCH the Key Word to the correct definition.

Perfect Match GIF - Match Perfect - Discover & Share GIFs



Column A
Column A
1.
Chemical reaction:
Chemical reaction
2.
Alleles:
Alleles
3.
Meiosis:
Meiosis
4.
Photosynthesis:
Photosynthesis
5.
Product:
Product
6.
Reactant:
Reactant
7.
Respiration:
Respiration
8.
The Rule of 10% in ecology:
The Rule of 10% in ecology
9.
Carbon Cycle:
Carbon Cycle
Column B
Column B
a.Two division process, producing haploid gametes
b.Process starting with certain ingredients that makes a set of new and different stuff at the end
c.An organism will use 90% of the energy it gets for its own growth and reproduction
d.Process used to use "food" energy to make usable energy for cell work in all cells/organisms
e.What is made from a chemical reaction
f.Alternate forms of a gene
g.The movement of carbon atoms between living and nonliving parts of the ecosystem
h.The part of a chemical reaction that are the needed ingredients to have it occur
i.Process used by cells/organisms that are capable of making their own glucose using sun energy, water and carbon dioxide

Answer 1

Here are the answers to your questions:

Question 1

Answer: b. Arrow A will decrease
(Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction, which decreases the height of the activation energy barrier shown by Arrow A.)

Question 2

Answer: c. They work on a single set of substrates.
(Enzymes are specific to particular substrates.)

Question 3

Answer: d. All of the above
(A monomer is to a polymer as a word is to a sentence, a Lego block is to a Lego castle, and a tree is to a forest.)

Question 4

Answer: b. amino acids
(Proteins are composed of amino acids.)

Question 5

Answer: a. The largest percentage of both is oxygen.
(Both the Earth's crust and humans are made up predominantly of oxygen.)

Question 6

Answer: d. An enzyme in her mouth broke down the polysaccharides in the cracker into monosaccharides.
(Salivary amylase, an enzyme in saliva, breaks down starches into sugars.)

Question 7

Answer:

• 1. Lipids: c. High energy value storage material and can be used for insulation and cushioning.
• 2. Carbohydrates: b. Primary source of energy for most organisms, and are made of at least one monosaccharide.
• 3. Proteins: d. Some types lower the energy of activation for reactions to occur more quickly, all are made up of amino acids.
• 4. Nucleic acids: a. Used primarily for protein synthesis - determine what and who you are.

Question 8

Answer: c. 57° C
(The two enzymes have about the same activity at this temperature according to the graph.)

Question 9

Answer: b. enzymes
(These proteins act as biological catalysts.)

Question 10

Answer: a. 2
(The enzymes are likely least effective in very acidic conditions.)

Question 11

Answer: This question cannot be answered without seeing the diagram.

Question 12

Answer: a. Can the plant perform photosynthesis without a large supply of carbon dioxide?
e. Can the plant perform respiration without a large supply of oxygen?
(This experiment tests the situations where gases are limited.)

Question 13

Answer: This question cannot be answered without seeing the structures.

Question 14

Answer: b. carbon
(Carbon is the element present in all organic molecules.)

Question 15

Answer: a. enzyme
(E represents the enzyme in the enzyme-substrate complex model.)

Question 16

Answer: b. amino acids
(These are the building blocks of proteins.)

Question 17

Answer: True
(Lipids are indeed a group of chemicals that include oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.)

Question 18

Answer:

• 1. carbohydrates: a. monosaccharides
• 2. nucleic acids: c. nucleotides
• 3. lipids: b. fatty acids
• 4. proteins: d. amino acids

Question 19

Answer: d. amino acids
(These are the building blocks of proteins.)

Question 20

Answer: b. all cell types, but plant cells
(Cellular respiration occurs in all cells including plant cells, while photosynthesis occurs only in plant cells.)

Question 21

Answer: b. The closer the light source, the higher the amount of oxygen gas produced.
(Photosynthesis increases with light intensity.)

Question 22

Answer: b. Photosynthesis
(This chemical equation represents the process of photosynthesis.)

Question 23

Answer: c. Does increased activity lead to a higher volume of carbon dioxide produced?
(This experiment can measure the effects of exercise on respiration regarding gas production.)

Question 24

Answer: b. ATP stores energy captured from sunlight to be used when producing sugars.
(ATP acts as a carrier of energy within cells.)

Question 25

Matchings:

• 1. Chemical reaction: b. Process starting with certain ingredients that makes a set of new and different stuff at the end
• 2. Alleles: f. Alternate forms of a gene
• 3. Meiosis: a. Two division process, producing haploid gametes
• 4. Photosynthesis: i. Process used by cells/organisms that are capable of making their own glucose using sun energy, water and carbon dioxide
• 5. Product: e. What is made from a chemical reaction
• 6. Reactant: h. The part of a chemical reaction that are the needed ingredients to have it occur
• 7. Respiration: d. Process used to use "food" energy to make usable energy for cell work in all cells/organisms
• 8. The Rule of 10% in ecology: c. An organism will use 90% of the energy it gets for its own growth and reproduction
• 9. Carbon Cycle: g. The movement of carbon atoms between living and nonliving parts of the ecosystem

You may need to refer back to the original diagrams or graphs mentioned in your questions to accurately answer those related to them.