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Question 1

The diagram shows an animal cladogram.

Which table correctly matches the features to the letters labeled on the cladogram?
A.


Letter on Cladogram Feature
W four limbs
X amniotic eggs
Y hair
Z eggs with shells



B.


Letter on Cladogram Feature
W amniotic eggs
X eggs with shells
Y hair
Z four limbs



C.


Letter on Cladogram Feature
W hair
X eggs with shells
Y amniotic eggs
Z four limbs



D.


Letter on Cladogram Feature
W hair
X four limbs
Y eggs with shells
Z amniotic eggs


a
C
b
D
c
B
d
A
Question 2
Analyze the cladograms. What is the best description of these two clads?
identical_clad.jpg

a
Right clade has a different common ancestor for A and B
b
Left clade has a different common ancestor at C.
c
They are identical, there is no difference between the two clades.
d
The clades are different.
Question 3
Four different species of lizards are represented in the following diagram.


Which of the following statements could be true according to the diagram?
a
Species L, M, N, and O exhibit many of the same behavioral patterns.
b
Species N and O are more closely related than species O and M.
c
The amino acids found in species M and N are exactly the same.
d
The biochemical pathways found in species L and M are very different.
Question 4
Where is the alligator and T. rex's most recent common ancestor?

Quiz image

a
Point C
b
Point A
c
Point D
d
Point B
Question 5
A student is developing a cladogram of four organisms based on shared characteristics. The characteristics are shown.

Organism Has cells Backbone Legs Fur/Hair Bipedal
Frog Yes Yes Yes No No
Gibbon Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Salmon Yes Yes No No No
Lion Yes Yes Yes Yes No

Which organism would MOST LIKELY be at the top of the cladogram?

a
frog
b
salmon
c
lion
d
gibbon

1 answer

Let's analyze each question and provide the answers.

Question 1: The cladogram features likely represent evolutionary traits. Without seeing the diagram but based on common characteristics:

  • "four limbs" (W) is a characteristic that would be shared by amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
  • "amniotic eggs" (X) is generally found in reptiles, birds, and mammals.
  • "hair" (Y) is a characteristic unique to mammals.
  • "eggs with shells" (Z) would apply to reptiles and birds.

Given these descriptions, the correct answer should be: d (A) because:

  • W: four limbs
  • X: amniotic eggs
  • Y: hair
  • Z: eggs with shells

Question 2: Analyzing the cladograms for differences:

  • The best option is that they are different, as suggested by different lineages or ancestors. The answer is: d (The clades are different.)

Question 3: Analysis of the relationships based on the diagram:

  • "Species N and O are more closely related than species O and M" could be true depending on their placement on the cladogram. The best answer is: b (Species N and O are more closely related than species O and M.)

Question 4: Identifying the recent common ancestor:

  • Based on typical cladograms, the alligator and T. rex are often placed under a common ancestor, and without the diagram, the usual point of the most recent common ancestor of these two is often at: a (Point C)

Question 5: Determining which organism would be at the top of the cladogram:

  • Since gibbons are most closely related to other mammals due to having fur/hair and being bipedal, they would be the most derived and thus likely at the top. The answer is: d (gibbon)

To summarize:

  1. d (A)
  2. d (The clades are different.)
  3. b (Species N and O are more closely related than species O and M.)
  4. a (Point C)
  5. d (gibbon)