Question 1

Question

The diagram shows a summary of photosynthesis.

Which substance is Y?

a
O2
b
H2O
c
CO2
d
glucose
Question 2
Which of the following is the BEST explanation of the role of DNA and RNA in making proteins?

Protein Folding on Make a GIF

a
DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and an exact copy of each is produced during replication. During translation, a DNA strand is used to produce a complementary strand of mRNA, with uracil taking the place of thymine. During transcription, each set of three codons in the mRNA results in an amino acid being added to a chain, and a protein is formed.
b
DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and a complementary copy of each is produced during replication. During transcription, a DNA strand is used to produce a complementary strand of mRNA, with uracil taking the place of thymine. During translation, each set of three bases in the mRNA results in an amino acid being added to a chain, and a protein is formed.
c
DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and an exact copy of each is produced during replication. During transcription, a DNA strand is copied to produce mRNA, which is an exact copy of the DNA strand except that uracil takes the place of thymine. During translation, each set of three bases in the mRNA results in a protein with a specialized function being formed.
d
DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and a complementary copy of each is produced during replication. During transcription, a DNA strand is used to produce a complementary strand of mRNA, with uracil taking the place of adenine. During translation, each base in the mRNA results in an amino acid being added to a chain, and a protein is formed.
Question 3
The table below shows the percentages of bases in a DNA sample. How much Guanine (G) should you expect to find in the sample?

a
17%
b
33%
c
50%
d
83%
Question 4
Premium Photo | Three little orange striped kitten on white background high resolution photoA common trait found in orange tabby cats is the following: being awesome (A) is dominant to being average (a).
A male cat that is homozygous dominant for the A trait is mated with a female cat that is homozygous recessive.
What is the probability that they will have an offspring who is heterozygous? out of
Blank 1:
Blank 2:
Question 5
On average, how much of the available energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next trophic level in a food chain?

Energy Transformations | #GoOpenVA

a
1%
b
10%
c
50%
d
90%
Question 6
How does carbon dioxide enter the atmosphere?

a
Carbon dioxide is only released into the atmosphere by human activities.
b
Carbon dioxide is only released into the atmosphere by animals and bacterial decomposers.
c
Carbon dioxide is only released into the atmosphere by plants, animals, and bacterial decomposers.
d
Carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere by plants, animals, bacterial decomposers, and human activities.
Question 7


Based on the pyramid, which organism(s) provide the MOST available energy?

a
predator fish
b
insects and zooplankton
c
phytoplankton and bacteria
d
birds and mammals
Question 8
Santiago wanted to draw a food web of the desert. The table shows some of the desert organisms and what they eat.

In order to draw the food web correctly, which organisms should have exactly two arrows pointing toward them?

a
the rattlesnakes
b
the hawks
c
the roadrunners
d
the desert grasses
Question 9
For any natural ecosystem, which of the following statements applies to the energy pyramid, the biomass pyramid, and the numbers pyramid?

a
Producers are at the bottom of the energy and biomass pyramids, only.
b
Consumers are at the bottom of the energy pyramid, only.
c
Consumers form the bottom levels, while producers are at the top.
d
Producers are at the bottom level of all three pyramids.
Question 10
Directions: The table below shows several organisms and their food sources. Use the table to answer any questions that follow.

Organism Food Source
Wolf Beavers and moose
Moose Trees (leaves)
Beaver Trees (bark)
Earthworm Organic matter
Tree Makes its own food
Which of the following would most likely happen if the moose disappeared?

a
The number of wolves would increase, as they would no longer compete with moose for food resources.
b
The number of earthworms would decline as the amount of available organic matter would decrease.
c
The number of beavers would decline as they became the wolves' primary food source.
d
The number of trees would decline, as moose would no longer fertilize them.
Question 11
What is the typical percentage of LOSS of energy in the transfers from one trophic level to the next?

a
5%
b
90%
c
10%
d
1%
Question 12
How are the movements of energy and chemicals (matter) through living things in ecosystems different?

a
Energy is limited in the biosphere, and chemicals are always available.
b
Energy flows in one direction and chemicals cycle.
c
Chemicals flow in one direction, and energy cycles.
d
Energy forms chemical compounds, and chemicals are lost as heat.
Question 13
Mercury is a heavy metal found in industrial waste. When this waste is released into a water source, mercury is absorbed by fish and shellfish and stored in their flesh. Birds that consume the fish and shellfish also receive mercury, and contain a higher level than their prey. This condition is called

a
selection.
b
biomagnification.
c
toxification.
d
adaptation.
Question 14
The pyramid shows how biomass changes between trophic levels of an ecosystem.

image b95050928618458399679f086eb24478



Which explains how the biomass at the top of the pyramid will change if a fire destroys a large percentage of the grasses in this ecosystem?

a
It will decrease because there will be a greater number of organisms at the second trophic level to support the higher trophic levels.
b
It will increase because the fire increases the efficiency of energy transfer and prey aquisition at higher trophic levels.
c
It will increase because the amount of energy lost as heat between the first trophic level and second trophic level will decrease.
d
It will decrease because the amount of chemical energy photosynthesis generates will not be enough to support higher trophic levels.
Question 15
How is the greenhouse effect produced?

a
When solar energy trespasses the atmosphere.
b
When the green house is burned.
c
When some reflected solar energy is captured by greenhouse gases.
d
When the sun doesn't emit radiation.
Question 16

Japanese Beetles Back in Georgia Vineyards - American Vineyard Magazine



a
have few natural enemies and can outcompete native species.
b
became extinct in the late 1980s.
c
are protected by Federal laws.
d
were created in labs by scientists and are resistant to pesticides.
Question 17



a
Denitrification
b
Nitrogen fixation
c
Ammonification
d
Nitrification
Question 18
The diagram shows changes/movement that occur in the water cycle. Which of these shows one possible and immediate result of precipitation?

a
Change A
b
Change B
c
Change C
d
Change D
Question 19
Respiration has the greatest effect on which cycle?

a
phosphorus cycle
b
carbon cycle
c
nitrogen cycle
d
sulfur cycle
Question 20


Process #2 in the picture add carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by means of

a
photosynthesis
b
respiration
c
decomposition
d
transpiration
Question 21

a
Transpiration
b
Condensation
c
Sublimation
d
Runoff
Question 22
Directions: The diagram below models part of the nitrogen cycle. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow.

What happens to the nitrogen at W?

a
Its usable form is inhaled and turned into proteins by the rabbit.
b
Its unusable form is directly transferred up the tree roots.
c
Its usable form is bonded with other molecules in the atmosphere.
d
Its unusable form is converted into a form that is usable by bacteria in the soil.
Question 23

True
False
Question 24


a
Through waste elimination and death and decomposition
b
In soil uplifting and sea spray
c
By eating plants and animals
d
Via evaporation in the atmospheric phase
Question 25

a
Wind
b
Gravity
c
Sunlight
d
Earth's magnetic field

Answer 1

Here are the answers to the questions:

Question 1
Substance Y is:
c CO2

Question 2
The BEST explanation of the role of DNA and RNA in making proteins is:
b DNA unwinds into two separate strands, and a complementary copy of each is produced during replication. During transcription, a DNA strand is used to produce a complementary strand of mRNA, with uracil taking the place of thymine. During translation, each set of three bases in the mRNA results in an amino acid being added to a chain, and a protein is formed.

Question 3
If percentages of other bases in DNA are A = 33%, and T = 33%, what percentage of G (Guanine) would you expect to find?
b 33% (because A pairs with T and G pairs with C, meaning C will also be 33%)

Question 4
They will have a probability of having an offspring who is heterozygous:
Blank 1: 1
Blank 2: 2 (The cross between AA and aa will yield all Aa offspring.)

Question 5
On average, the amount of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next is:
b 10%

Question 6
How does carbon dioxide enter the atmosphere?
d Carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere by plants, animals, bacterial decomposers, and human activities.

Question 7
Based on the pyramid, which organism(s) provide the MOST available energy?
c phytoplankton and bacteria (as they are the primary producers)

Question 8
In order to draw the food web correctly, which organisms should have exactly two arrows pointing toward them?
c the roadrunners (they eat two different types of organisms)

Question 9
For any natural ecosystem, which of the following statements applies to the energy pyramid, the biomass pyramid, and the numbers pyramid?
d Producers are at the bottom level of all three pyramids.

Question 10
What would most likely happen if the moose disappeared?
c The number of beavers would decline as they became the wolves' primary food source.

Question 11
The typical percentage of LOSS of energy in the transfers from one trophic level to the next is:
b 90%

Question 12
How are the movements of energy and chemicals (matter) through living things in ecosystems different?
b Energy flows in one direction and chemicals cycle.

Question 13
This condition is called:
b biomagnification.

Question 14
How the biomass at the top of the pyramid will change if a fire destroys a large percentage of the grasses in this ecosystem:
d It will decrease because the amount of chemical energy photosynthesis generates will not be enough to support higher trophic levels.

Question 15
How is the greenhouse effect produced?
c When some reflected solar energy is captured by greenhouse gases.

Question 16
Japanese Beetles:
a have few natural enemies and can outcompete native species.

Question 17
(Assuming the question was cut off or missing but needs the nitrogen cycle processes):
b Nitrogen fixation (as an example of a step in the nitrogen cycle)

Question 18
Immediate result of precipitation:
(This question reference is missing, so I can't provide an answer).

Question 19
Respiration has the greatest effect on which cycle?
b carbon cycle

Question 20
Process #2 adds carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by means of:
b respiration.

Question 21
For the water cycle diagram (assumed missing):
(This question reference is missing, so I can't provide an answer).

Question 22
What happens to the nitrogen at W?
d Its unusable form is converted into a form that is usable by bacteria in the soil.

Question 23
The true or false question reference is missing; hence I can't provide an answer.

Question 24
How do organisms contribute to the nitrogen cycle?
a Through waste elimination and death and decomposition

Question 25
The force that helps in the water cycle:
a Wind (as it helps in evaporation and precipitation processes).

If there are further details or specifics in questions not fully provided or images that may be referenced, please include them for more accurate answers.