Question 1

Question

The diagram below shows the structure of a bacterial cell.

Which of the following distinguishes this bacterial cell from eukaryotes?

a
The bacterial cell is a unicellular organism, and all eukaryotes are multicellular.
b
The bacterial cell has both a cell membrane and a cell wall, and eukaryotes have only cell membranes.
c
DNA in the bacterial cell is always in contact with the cytoplasm, and all eukaryotes have DNA located inside a nucleus.
d
Ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell, and eukaryotes do not have ribosomes.
Question 2
The diagram shows two models of the cellular division process.

Which of the following describes how both of these cellular division processes maintain genetic continuity for both multicellular and unicellular organisms?

a
Both processes create cells with twice the genetic material of the parent cells.
b
Both process involve the recombination and division of new genetic material.
c
Both processes creates cells with half the genetic material of the parent cells.
d
Both processes involve the replication and division of identical genetic material.
Question 3
What is occurring in the G1 and G2 phases of a normal cell cycle?

a
growth
b
chromosome replication
c
cell division
d
nuclear division
Question 4
Which phase of mitosis involves the separation of the sister chromatids?

a
anaphase
b
prophase
c
metaphase
d
synthesis
Question 5
By what process does a prokaryotic cell reproduce?

a
mitosis
b
meiosis
c
binary fission
d
spontaneous generation
Question 6
Which of the following correctly identifies the main role of mitosis and cytokinesis in multicellular organisms?

a
Produce gametes (sperm or eggs)
b
Increase genetic diversity
c
Replicate DNA
d
Growth and repair
Question 7
Review the three models of cellular reproduction are shown below.

image 8c9c188856794a85a766dbdfcd9b9b49

Which shows cell reproduction seen in bacteria?

a
Bacteria use all three methods for cell division.
b
Binary fission
c
Mitosis
d
Meiosis
Question 8
Review this diagram; select the response that BEST describes label #1.

Locus (genetics) - Wikipedia

a
centromere
b
sister chromosomes
c
chromatid
d
chromatin
Question 9
Which diagram best represents a plant cell close to the final stage of mitosis and cytokinesis?

A. B. C. D.

a
A
b
B
c
C
d
D
Question 10
A student creates a model of the two-step process of meiosis.
image 7562ab4cc5f94974aa46f5156b24569e

Which choice could be used to correctly complete the model?

A.
image 445e3bf9a3e94109916d983d0b800ecb





B.
image aa75a64772d84a53b16fb0560144c365





C.
image 23f4472cf0d94f34a7815d5159c2d3cb





D.
image 6a4553bc5d444ac282bdd396833172c5



a
A
b
B
c
C
d
D
Question 11
When a eukaryotic cell undergoes cellular division, creating two new daughter cells - an error (nondisjunction) in the step shown BELOW can impact the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells' nuclei.

Anaphase I - Definition, Process and Quiz | Biology Dictionary

What is this step?

a
Anaphase in mitosis
b
Telophase in meiosis
c
Prophase in endocytosis
d
Metaphase in mitosis
Question 12
The process where the nucleus divides is called________________

a
metaphase
b
anaphase
c
cytokinesis
d
mitosis
Question 13
The process during which the nucleus of a cell is divided into two nuclei is known as____________.

a
cytokinesis
b
G1
c
mitosis
d
S Phase
Question 14
In a unipuppicorn, the somatic cells must make more cells in order to grow. If its somatic cells contain 18 chromosomes (as chromatin), how many chromosomes will it have at the end of the "S" phase? (You know this!! :)

a
9
b
18
c
36
d
72
e
144
Question 15
A student uses gummy worms to model the process of mitosis. The model is shown below.
image 7e8f5518d2214a2eb2d2a97cbb1fd183
Using the model, which statement correctly explains how mitosis preserves genetic continuity?
a
Each daughter cell receives twice as many chromosomes as the parent cell.
b
The daughter cells receive chromosomes that are identical to the parent cell.
c
The daughter cells receive chromosomes that are recombined from the parent cells.
d
Each daughter cell receives half of its chromosomes from each of the parent cells.
Question 16
A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents.

a
external fertilization
b
internal fertilization
c
sexual reproduction
d
asexual reproduction
Question 17
Meiotic cell division has two steps, called Meiosis I and Meiosis II.

Which of the following is correct about each step?

Meme Maker - And that is how meiosis works Meme Generator!

a
At the end of Meiosis I one diploid cell has remained one diploid cell, and at the end of Meiosis II one diploid cell has become two haploid cells.
b
At the end of Meiosis I one diploid cell has become two haploid cells, and at the end of Meiosis II two haploid cells have become four haploid cells.
c
At the end of Meiosis I one haploid cell has remained one haploid cell, and at the end of Meiosis II one haploid cell have become two diploid cells.
d
At the end of Meiosis I one haploid cell has become two diploid cells, and at the end of Meiosis II two diploid cells have become four haploid cells.
Question 18
Christian was a 7 pound, 19 inch long baby, but is now 6 foot 4 inches and weighs 185 pounds. Binary fission is the biological process responsible for this growth.





True
False
Question 19
The model shows a step in the process of cell division.
File:Prophase diagram.svg - Wikimedia Commons

Which of the following best describe this step?
a
anaphase
b
prophase
c
mitosis
d
telophase
Question 20
Three models of cellular reproduction are shown below.

image 8c9c188856794a85a766dbdfcd9b9b49

Which explanation about cellular reproduction is best supported by the models?

a
Meiosis and binary fission both include the process of crossing over during cellular replication.
b
Mitosis and meiosis both produce diploid and haploid gametes during cellular replication.
c
Meiosis and mitosis both produce daughter cells with fewer chromosomes than the parent cells.
d
Binary fission and mitosis both produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells.
Question 21
What are the building blocks of proteins?

a
sugars
b
amino acids
c
glycerol
d
glucose
Question 22
When a cell needs to get rid of waste products and push them OUT OF THE CELL, which term best describe the process by which cells release substances from the cell?

a
endocytosis
b
phagocytosis
c
exocytosis
d
pinocytosis
Question 23
In cellular respiration, the steps following glycolysis depend on whether oxygen is present.

Select the BEST explanation:





a
In the presence of oxygen, carbon fixation occurs during the Calvin cycle, when a carbon atom from atmospheric carbon dioxide is added to a 5-carbon sugar.
b
Regardless if oxygen is present or not, the production of acetyl-CoA, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain follow in order.
c
If oxygen is present, production of acetyl-CoA, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain follow in order. If no oxygen is present, photosynthesis occurs starting with Photosystem II.
d
If oxygen is present, production of acetyl-CoA, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain follow in order. If no oxygen is present, either lactic acid fermentation or alcoholic fermentation follows.
Question 24
Viruses reproduce through the use of host cells. In this process, viruses reproduce by injecting their DNA into the host cell and using the cell's structures to create copies of itself. After numerous copies are made, the host cell bursts and the new viruses are released. Depending on the type of virus and the host cell, hundreds or thousands of viruses can be released in this burst. These viruses then go on to reproduce through new host cells. Bacteria, however, reproduce using binary fission. In this process, a bacterium splits into two identical daughter cells. In favorable conditions, bacteria can divide once every 20 minutes. This means that a single bacterium can turn into a colony of over a billion bacteria in about ten hours.

Which statement correctly compares viral and bacterial reproduction?

a
Both viruses and bacteria can create large populations in a short time period.
b
Both viruses and bacteria can reproduce without the help of other organisms.
c
Both viruses and bacteria must have very large populations in order to reproduce.
d
Both viruses and bacteria must destroy themselves after they have reproduced.
Question 25
Tommy is investigating a strain of bacteria. He observes that the bacteria is only found in environments with a pH range from 6 to 8. His lab partner prepares a growth medium for this bacteria with a pH of 5.

Which explanation best predicts what will happen to the bacteria grown in this growth medium?

a
The bacteria will grow quickly because they can change the pH level of the growth medium.
b
The bacteria will grow quickly and then begin to die because they will run out of food.
c
The bacteria will quickly die because the growth medium is too acidic for survival.
d
The bacteria will grow slowly because the growth medium will provide fewer resources.

Answer 1

Here are the answers to your questions:

Question 1:
c
DNA in the bacterial cell is always in contact with the cytoplasm, and all eukaryotes have DNA located inside a nucleus.

Question 2:
d
Both processes involve the replication and division of identical genetic material.

Question 3:
a
growth

Question 4:
a
anaphase

Question 5:
c
binary fission

Question 6:
d
Growth and repair

Question 7:
b
Binary fission

Question 8:
c
chromatid

Question 9:
(Without the images, I can't provide an accurate answer. Please provide the diagrams for evaluation.)

Question 10:
(Without the images, I can't provide an accurate answer. Please provide the diagrams for evaluation.)

Question 11:
a
Anaphase in mitosis

Question 12:
d
mitosis

Question 13:
c
mitosis

Question 14:
c
36 (After the S phase, the chromosome number is doubled because DNA is replicated.)

Question 15:
b
The daughter cells receive chromosomes that are identical to the parent cell.

Question 16:
c
sexual reproduction

Question 17:
b
At the end of Meiosis I one diploid cell has become two haploid cells, and at the end of Meiosis II two haploid cells have become four haploid cells.

Question 18:
False (Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction mainly in prokaryotes, not applicable to the growth of multicellular eukaryotes.)

Question 19:
b
prophase

Question 20:
d
Binary fission and mitosis both produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells.

Question 21:
b
amino acids

Question 22:
c
exocytosis

Question 23:
d
If oxygen is present, production of acetyl-CoA, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain follow in order. If no oxygen is present, either lactic acid fermentation or alcoholic fermentation follows.

Question 24:
a
Both viruses and bacteria can create large populations in a short time period.

Question 25:
c
The bacteria will quickly die because the growth medium is too acidic for survival.

Let me know if you need further assistance!