Question 1

Question

The diagram below represents a cell in the human body. Which statement concerning the structures within this cell is accurate?



a
Structure 1 is a chloroplast that carries out photosynthesis.
b
Structure 2 is a vacuole that contains DNA.
c
Structure 3 is a mitochondrion, where cellular respiration takes place.
d
Structure 4 is the cell membrane, which provides rigid, inflexible, impermeable support for the cell.
Question 2
The diagram shows a cross section of a eukaryotic cell.

How do the nucleus and ribosomes work together?

a
The ribosomes build proteins based on the genetic instructions they receive from the nucleus.
b
The ribosomes perform chemical reactions that supply the nucleus with needed nutrients.
c
The nucleus sorts and distributes the genetic information it receives from the ribosomes.
d
The nucleus creates proteins and lipids that the ribosomes then transport to other organelles.
Question 3
Three models of cellular reproduction are shown below.

image 8c9c188856794a85a766dbdfcd9b9b49

Which explanation about cellular reproduction is best supported by the models?

a
Meiosis and mitosis both produce daughter cells with fewer chromosomes than the parent cells.
b
Binary fission and mitosis both produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells
c
Mitosis and meiosis both produce diploid and haploid gametes during cellular replication.
d
Meiosis and binary fission both include the process of crossing over during cellular replication.
Question 4
Warts can result when certain viruses cause skin cells to reproduce at a high rate. Although, not necessarily cancer, this rapid reproduction of skin cells is due to the viruses stimulating uncontrolled _________

a
synthesis processes.
b
binary fission.
c
cellular digestion.
d
mitotic cell division.
Question 5
molecular_diagrams

Which of the above structures represent a carbohydrate?

a
A
b
B
c
C
d
D
Question 6
Kelvin got his wisdom teeth removed and his mouth is swollen. His doctor tells him to rinse his mouth with a warm saltwater solution every few hours. How does the saltwater solution help heal Kelvin's mouth?

a
The salt water is a hypertonic solution, and the swollen cells in Kelvin's mouth will release water through osmosis.
b
The salt water is a hypertonic solution, and the swollen cells in Kelvin's mouth will take in water through diffusion.
c
The salt water is a hypotonic solution, and the swollen cells in Kelvin's mouth will release water through diffusion.
d
The salt water is a hypotonic solution, and the swollen cells in Kelvin's mouth will take in water through osmosis.
Question 7
Human red blood cells contain 0.9% sodium chloride as a component of their cytoplasm. What would happen if an IV solution containing 1.5% sodium chloride is introduced into a person?

a
The red blood cells would first absorb water across their cell membrane, then lose water across their cell membrane.
b
Their red blood cells would absorb water across their cell membrane and begin to swell.
c
The red blood cells will first lose water across their cell membrane, then absorb water across their cell membrane.
d
Their red blood cells would lose water across their cell membrane and begin to shrink.
Question 8
(A Jeopardy question) The diagram shows processes happening within a cell.

A scientist is investigating what occurs at point X on the diagram. What question is the scientist most likely attempting to answer?

a
Where does glycolysis occur?
b
Where does the Krebs cycle occur?
c
Where does the Calvin cycle occur?
d
Where does electron transport occur?
Question 9
The picture shows a leaf found on an autotrophic plant.

The cells in this leaf are making their own energy by the process of

a
photosynthesis, where glucose and oxygen at Q and R are taken in and then converted into water vapor and thermal energy at S and T.
b
respiration, where carbon dioxide and oxygen at Q and R are taken in and then converted into thermal energy and methane gas at S and T.
c
respiration, where oxygen and sunlight at Q and R are taken in and then converted into carbon dioxide and glucose at S and T.
d
photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide and sunlight at Q and R are taken in and then converted into glucose and oxygen at S and T.
Question 10
Restriction enzymes cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides. Why would these biotechnology tools be useful in creating a genetically modified organism?

images_4_5e5033d777c7e.jpg

a
They create promoter regions for accelerated transcription.
b
They cause massive mutations, leading to many changes in the host organism.
c
They directly add all needed chromosomes to the organism's genome.
d
They allow the desired gene to be placed in a specific location.
Question 11
If the DNA sequence is TAC TTG ACC, what would be the resulting amino acid sequence after transcription and translation?

(Hint: Think of the first step of protein synthesis? Do this first and then find the amino acid sequence.)

a
Gly-Ala-Val
b
Met-Asn-Trp
c
Isol-Lys-STOP
d
Tyr-Leu-Thre
Question 12
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. About how many kinds of amino acids are there?

a
10
b
15
c
20
d
25
Question 13
How is sexual reproduction an advantage over asexual reproduction?

a
Mitosis results in identical DNA in two new cells.
b
Meiosis results in harmful mutations in four new cells.
c
The formation of gametes in mitosis allows for genetic variation.
d
The formation of gametes in meiosis allows for genetic variation.
Question 14
The diagram shows a mutation that has occurred after recombination.



The mutation was inherited and passed along to the offspring by a chance occurrence. Which claim best describes what this type of mutation could cause?

a
a difference in the offspring's parents
b
the appearance of a new trait in the offspring
c
the immediate evolution of the species
d
a change to the environment of the species
Question 15
Farmers across many centuries have used selective breeding (artificial selection) to enhance certain qualities in their crops. Which of the following qualities would most likely be selected for in breeding and best crop yields?

Types Of Crops: Which One To Opt For Optimum Farming Productivity

a
decreased nutrient composition
b
resistance to harmful pests
c
bioluminescence for attraction to fireflies
d
decreased harvest production
Question 16
In a karyotype, ____________ are photographed, and then the images- paired. From this information, and we can study them to learn about_________________.

Spectral Karyotype (SKY)

a
traits, eye and hair color of an organisms
b
genes, genes that are present in a particular strand of DNA
c
mutations, molecular structure of a chromosome.
d
gametes, medical history of an individual.
e
chromosomes, the number, size and shape of chromosomes in a cell.
Question 17
The diagram below shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?

a
Segregation of sister chromotids
b
Mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered
c
Crossing over in which alleles are exchanged
d
Condensation and segregation of alleles, Segregation of sister chromotids
Question 18
The diagram shows a cross between two pink flowers.

What is the role of meiosis in creating variations in the offspring of this cross?

a
Meiosis allows alleles to separate, decreasing the variety of colors of the offspring.
b
Meiosis allows alleles to separate, increasing the variety of colors of the offspring.
c
Meiosis allows alleles to stay together, increasing the variety of colors of the offspring.
d
Meiosis allows alleles to stay together, decreasing the variety of colors of the offspring.

Answer 1

Here are the answers to each of your questions:

Question 1:
c - Structure 3 is a mitochondrion, where cellular respiration takes place.

Question 2:
a - The ribosomes build proteins based on the genetic instructions they receive from the nucleus.

Question 3:
b - Binary fission and mitosis both produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells.

Question 4:
d - mitotic cell division.

Question 5:
Without the images, I'm unable to accurately choose which structure represents a carbohydrate.

Question 6:
a - The salt water is a hypertonic solution, and the swollen cells in Kelvin's mouth will release water through osmosis.

Question 7:
d - Their red blood cells would lose water across their cell membrane and begin to shrink.

Question 8:
Without the diagram, I can't definitively provide the answer, but likely options would revolve around the Krebs cycle or glycolysis.

Question 9:
d - photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide and sunlight at Q and R are taken in and then converted into glucose and oxygen at S and T.

Question 10:
d - They allow the desired gene to be placed in a specific location.

Question 11:
d - Tyr-Leu-Thre (based on transcription from TAC TTG ACC).

Question 12:
c - 20.

Question 13:
d - The formation of gametes in meiosis allows for genetic variation.

Question 14:
b - the appearance of a new trait in the offspring.

Question 15:
b - resistance to harmful pests.

Question 16:
e - chromosomes, the number, size and shape of chromosomes in a cell.

Question 17:
c - Crossing over in which alleles are exchanged.

Question 18:
b - Meiosis allows alleles to separate, increasing the variety of colors of the offspring.

If you have any specific images or details related to any of these questions, feel free to share, and I can provide more tailored answers!