QUESTION 1: SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Question 1.1 [1x2=2 marks]
In your own words, what do you understand by substance abuse? Substance abuse refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs, that leads to negative consequences in an individual's life. It often involves a compulsion to consume these substances despite the adverse effects on health, relationships, and social responsibilities.
Question 1.2 [2+4=6 marks]
Define the concept of substance abuse and state FOUR factors that may contribute to youth abusing substances. Substance abuse is defined as the excessive or improper use of drugs or alcohol that results in physical or psychological harm to the user or to others. It often leads to dependency and significant issues in various areas of life.
Four factors that may contribute to youth abusing substances:
- Peer Pressure: Young individuals may feel compelled to experiment with drugs or alcohol to fit in with friends or social groups.
- Mental Health Issues: Conditions such as depression, anxiety, or trauma may drive youths to self-medicate with substances.
- Family Environment: A family history of substance abuse or exposure to drug use within the household can normalize substance use for youth.
- Accessibility: Easy access to drugs and alcohol, whether through legal means or illegal channels, can increase the likelihood of substance abuse among youth.
Question 1.3 [2x2=4 marks]
Describe TWO ways that a high prevalence of substance abuse can negatively impact (hurt) a community. Provide TWO facts.
- Increased Crime Rates: High levels of substance abuse can lead to higher crime rates, as individuals may engage in illegal activities to support their addiction. For example, communities with high drug abuse often see a rise in theft and violence.
- Strain on Healthcare Resources: Substance abuse can overwhelm local healthcare systems, leading to increased costs and reduced resources for other health issues. A significant percentage of emergency room visits and hospital admissions are attributed to substance abuse-related incidents.
Question 1.4 [3x2=6 marks]
Explain THREE reasons why substance abuse impacts an individual’s physical health.
- Damage to Organs: Many substances, such as alcohol and drugs, can cause severe damage to essential organs, including the liver, heart, and brain, leading to chronic diseases.
- Diminished Immune System: Substance abuse can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections and diseases, reducing their overall health resilience.
- Nutritional Deficiencies: Substance abusers often neglect balanced diets, leading to malnutrition that can cause anemia, weakened bones, and other health issues.
Question 1.5 [4x2=8 marks]
Recommend FOUR solutions to eliminate drug abuse in your community.
- Awareness Programs: Implement comprehensive educational programs in schools and communities to inform individuals about the risks associated with drug and alcohol use.
- Community Support Services: Establish support groups and counseling services for those struggling with addiction, providing pathways to recovery and assistance for families.
- Stricter Regulations: Advocate for stricter regulations on the sale and distribution of alcohol and drugs to reduce accessibility, especially to minors.
- Engagement of Youth: Create recreational and educational programs that engage youth in healthy activities, diverting their focus from substance use.
Question 1.6 [6x1=6 marks]
List SIX strategies that could help you make healthy lifestyle choices.
- Regular Exercise: Engage in physical activities like running, swimming, or group sports to maintain fitness.
- Balanced Nutrition: Follow a nutritious diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
- Stress Management: Utilize techniques such as meditation, yoga, or deep-breathing exercises to manage stress effectively.
- Adequate Sleep: Prioritize getting 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night to support overall health.
- Stay Informed: Educate yourself about the risks of substance abuse and the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
- Seek Support: Surround yourself with friends and family who encourage healthy habits and provide support in times of difficulty.
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