Here are the answers to your questions based on the context provided:
Question 1: The chief constituents of the electromagnetic energy that reaches Earth's surface are:
- Visible light
- Near infrared (higher energy infrared)
Question 2: The two correct answers that describe how water mixes in a thermohaline current are:
- Cold water sinks under warmer water.
- Saltier water sinks under less salty water.
Question 3: The three qualities of the ocean that help it to absorb heat are:
- Water can be a solid, liquid, or gas at Earth's surface.
- Large surface area
- A high specific heat capacity compared to land or air
If you have any more questions or need further clarifications, feel free to ask!