Question 1 (1 point)

Question

Kepler’s Second Law explains that the slowest point of a planet’s orbit is always when it is

a
Closest to the Sun
b
Farthest from the Sun
c
In the mid point of the orbit
d
As it approaches either of the foci
Question 2 (1 point)
Kepler’s data about the orbits of planetary bodies was supplied by his employer,

a
Nicolaus Copernicus
b
Galileo Galilei
c
Edmond Halley
d
Tycho Brahe
Question 3 (1 point)
Which law does this diagram show?

Kepler's Second Law

a
Kepler's second Law: Law of Equal Areas
b
Newton's first Law: everything in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force
c
Kepler's Third Law: radius cubed is proportional to orbital period squared
d
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
Question 4 (1 point)
According to Kepler’s First Law, every planet that orbits the Sun shares one of the same foci. Which is it?

a
The galactic core
b
The exact center of the Solar System
c
The Sun itself
d
The asteroid belt
Question 5 (1 point)
Which of the following equations is Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation, comparing Forces to the masses and distances between two objects.

a
W = F*d
b
T^2 ⍺ r^3
c
F = G*(m1*m2)/r^2
d
U = M - KE
Question 6 (1 point)
Why is the force of gravity noticeable between you and the Earth but not noticeable between you and a football?

a
The Force of Gravity only works because you are closer to the Earth than a football
b
The Force of Gravity only works on certain objects and a football is not one of them
c
The Force of Gravity cannot work in atmospheric conditions, only in space conditions
d
The Force of Gravity is only noticeable when objects have an immense mass, like planets do
Question 7 (1 point)
How did Newton’s Law of Gravity explain why celestial objects stay in orbit?

a
A combination of the forward motion of the objects and the pulling force of gravity create the rounded orbit shapes
b
Gravity pushes objects across circular paths by attracting them to ellipses
c
Newton explained how gravity creates the foci that objects orbit around
d
Objects need the force of gravity to continue moving in the current orbit directions they were already moving in
Question 8 (1 point)
Which of the following statements is correct about Newton’s Law of Gravitation?

a
Gravitational Theory only applies to objects on the Earth
b
Gravitational Force increases as the mass of the interacting objects increases
c
Gravity has a range limit and cannot act upon objects on the other sides of the Universe
d
As the distance between two interacting objects increases, gravitational force increases between them
Question 9 (1 point)
Ptolemy, Aristotle and Brahe all believed in which model of the universe?

a
Geocentricism
b
Heliocentricism
c
Egocentricism
Question 10 (1 point)
What do you call the area of orbit closest to the Sun at Point 2

Perihelion - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

a
Aphelion
b
Elliptical nexus
c
Perihelion
d
Heliocentricism
Question 11 (1 point)
What two observations supported the model of Geocentricism, although we now know them to be inaccurate?

I. Everything orbits around the Sun

II. Everything orbits around Earth

III. All planets orbit in a circular pattern

IV. All planets orbit in figure eight patterns

a
I
b
II and III
c
I and IV
d
II and IV
Question 12 (1 point)
Which planet has the highest Orbital Period?

a
Mercury
b
Earth
c
Venus
d
Jupiter
Question 13 (2 points)
According to Kepler's 3rd Law, Where orbital period is determined by distance from the Sun, Match the planet with it's orbital period.

My very excellent mother just served us nachos!

Column A
1.
Earth:
Earth
2.
Neptune:
Neptune
3.
Mercury:
Mercury
4.
Saturn:
Saturn
Column B
a.365 days
b.60,190 days
c.10,759 days
d.88 days
Question 14 (1 point)
What happens to two objects when dropped on opposite sides of the Earth.

a
Both fall to the ground because of inertia
b
Both fall to the ground because gravity is pulling them toward the center of Earth
c
One falls to the ground and the other floats off into outerspace
d
One falls to the ground because of gravity, but the other falls to the ground because of inertia.
Question 15 (3 points)
Match the scientist with their discovery

Column A
1.
Aristotle & Ptolemy:
Aristotle & Ptolemy
2.
Copernicuis:
Copernicuis
3.
Newton:
Newton
4.
Kepler:
Kepler
5.
Galileo:
Galileo
6.
Brahe:
Brahe
Column B
a.Kepler's mentor
b.Invented the telescope
c.Geocentricism
d.Heliocentricism
e.Elliptical planetary motion
f.Universal Law of Gravitation
g.Brahe

Answer 1

Here are the answers to the questions:

Question 1: Kepler’s Second Law explains that the slowest point of a planet’s orbit is always when it is
b Farthest from the Sun

Question 2: Kepler’s data about the orbits of planetary bodies was supplied by his employer,
d Tycho Brahe

Question 3: Which law does this diagram show?
a Kepler's Second Law: Law of Equal Areas

Question 4: According to Kepler’s First Law, every planet that orbits the Sun shares one of the same foci. Which is it?
c The Sun itself

Question 5: Which of the following equations is Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation, comparing Forces to the masses and distances between two objects.
c F = G*(m1*m2)/r^2

Question 6: Why is the force of gravity noticeable between you and the Earth but not noticeable between you and a football?
d The Force of Gravity is only noticeable when objects have an immense mass, like planets do

Question 7: How did Newton’s Law of Gravity explain why celestial objects stay in orbit?
a A combination of the forward motion of the objects and the pulling force of gravity create the rounded orbit shapes

Question 8: Which of the following statements is correct about Newton’s Law of Gravitation?
b Gravitational Force increases as the mass of the interacting objects increases

Question 9: Ptolemy, Aristotle and Brahe all believed in which model of the universe?
a Geocentricism

Question 10: What do you call the area of orbit closest to the Sun at Point 2
c Perihelion

Question 11: What two observations supported the model of Geocentricism, although we now know them to be inaccurate?
b II and III

Question 12: Which planet has the highest Orbital Period?
d Jupiter

Question 13: According to Kepler's 3rd Law, Where orbital period is determined by distance from the Sun, match the planet with its orbital period.

1. Earth: a. 365 days
2. Neptune: b. 60,190 days
3. Mercury: d. 88 days
4. Saturn: c. 10,759 days

Question 14: What happens to two objects when dropped on opposite sides of the Earth?
b Both fall to the ground because gravity is pulling them toward the center of Earth

Question 15: Match the scientist with their discovery

1. Aristotle & Ptolemy: c. Geocentricism
2. Copernicus: d. Heliocentricism
3. Newton: f. Universal Law of Gravitation
4. Kepler: e. Elliptical planetary motion
5. Galileo: b. Invented the telescope
6. Brahe: a. Kepler's mentor

I hope this helps!