Q1

Question

Use the excerpt to answer the question that follows:

On October 20, 1803, the Senate ratified the Louisiana Purchase Treaty by a vote of twenty-four to seven. The agreement, which provided for the purchase of the western half of the Mississippi River basin from France at a price of $15 million, or approximately four cents per acre, doubled the size of the country and paved the way for westward expansion beyond the Mississippi.

Based on the excerpt, which of the following statements can be inferred about the effect the Louisiana Purchase would have on the United States?

(1 point)
Responses

Because of the purchase of the territory, Americans could now legally start settling regions in the West.
Because of the purchase of the territory, Americans could now legally start settling regions in the West.

Because of the high cost of the purchase, the United States would struggle even more with the public debt
Because of the high cost of the purchase, the United States would struggle even more with the public debt

Because of its ratification of the treaty, Congress confirmed that presidents had the power to purchase land.
Because of its ratification of the treaty, Congress confirmed that presidents had the power to purchase land.

Because of the treaty, the French could no longer pose a threat against the United States.
Because of the treaty, the French could no longer pose a threat against the United States.
Question 2
Q2

Use the excerpt to answer the question that follows:

"The subject to be regulated is commerce, and . . . it becomes necessary to settle the meaning of the word. The counsel for the appellee [party appealing to a higher court] would limit it to traffic, to buying and selling, or the interchange of commodities, and do not admit that it comprehends [includes] navigation. . . . All America understands, and has uniformly understood, the word "commerce" to comprehend navigation. It was so understood, and must have been so understood, when the Constitution was framed. . . .

The word ‘among’ means intermingled with. A thing which is among others is intermingled with them. Commerce among the States cannot stop at the external boundary line of each State, but may be introduced into the interior.”
—Chief Justice John Marshall, opinion of the court, Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

Which of the following best summarizes this excerpt from John Marshall’s opinion?

(1 point)
Responses

The transportation and navigation of goods is part of the constitutional definition of commerce.
The transportation and navigation of goods is part of the constitutional definition of commerce.

The buying and selling of goods across state borders ought to fall under stricter laws.
The buying and selling of goods across state borders ought to fall under stricter laws.

The definition of commerce is differently interpreted by each state.
The definition of commerce is differently interpreted by each state.

The most important area involving commerce is in securing the national economy.
The most important area involving commerce is in securing the national economy.
Question 3
Q3

Of the following choices, which ones influenced the emergence of opposing political parties? Select TWO that apply

(2 points)
Responses

looming threat of war with France
looming threat of war with France

increase in the distribution of newspapers
increase in the distribution of newspapers

differences in opinion on how much power federal government should have
differences in opinion on how much power federal government should have

mounting pressure from Britain to further establish government
mounting pressure from Britain to further establish government
Question 4
Q4

What was the purpose of Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation?

(1 point)
Responses

He wanted to remain neutral when defining his policy toward trade with Spain.
He wanted to remain neutral when defining his policy toward trade with Spain.

He wanted to make it clear that the U.S. supported neither France nor Britain in their war.
He wanted to make it clear that the U.S. supported neither France nor Britain in their war.

He wanted to remain neutral as his newly elected cabinet developed an economic plan.
He wanted to remain neutral as his newly elected cabinet developed an economic plan.

He wanted to spell out his policy for imposing taxes on imports and exports.
He wanted to spell out his policy for imposing taxes on imports and exports.
Question 5
Q5

Use the image to answer the question that follows:

Based on the information in the chart, why might Congress have been divided about declaring war on Britain?

(1 point)
Responses

Southern representatives were less concerned about British interference in American shipping.
Southern representatives were less concerned about British interference in American shipping.

Members of Congress did not believe the American military could compete with the British military.
Members of Congress did not believe the American military could compete with the British military.

The War Hawks had more supporters in the House of Representatives than in the Senate
The War Hawks had more supporters in the House of Representatives than in the Senate

Some representatives were not convinced that the rumors about the Native American attacks were true.
Some representatives were not convinced that the rumors about the Native American attacks were true.
Question 6
Q6

Use the excerpt to answer the question that follows:

Our judges are as honest as other men, and not more so. They have, with others, the same passions for party, for power, and the privilege of their corps [group of people]. . . . and their power the more dangerous as they are in office for life, and not responsible, as the other functionaries are, to the elective control.
—Thomas Jefferson, Letter to William Charles Jarvis, Sept. 28, 1820

This excerpt comes from a letter Jefferson wrote in response to the Supreme Court’s decision on Marbury v. Madison. What was Jefferson’s greatest concern?

(1 point)
Responses

He was concerned that the decision gave the Supreme Court too much authority.
He was concerned that the decision gave the Supreme Court too much authority.

He was concerned that the decision set a dangerous precedent for cases heard by the Supreme Court.
He was concerned that the decision set a dangerous precedent for cases heard by the Supreme Court.

He was concerned that judges could be easily influenced by political parties.
He was concerned that judges could be easily influenced by political parties.

He was concerned by the fact that judges were not elected.
He was concerned by the fact that judges were not elected.
Question 7
Q7

How did the election of 1796 increase political tensions?

(1 point)
Responses

Farmers and shopkeepers were angry that the wealthy elite controlled the major leadership of the government.
Farmers and shopkeepers were angry that the wealthy elite controlled the major leadership of the government.

President John Adams and Vice President Thomas Jefferson belonged to different political parties and did not agree on government policy.
President John Adams and Vice President Thomas Jefferson belonged to different political parties and did not agree on government policy.

After the Revolution, women demanded an equal voice and vote in politics
After the Revolution, women demanded an equal voice and vote in politics

Northerners were unhappy that Southerners, who counted enslaved people as part of the population, had so much more representation in Congress.
Northerners were unhappy that Southerners, who counted enslaved people as part of the population, had so much more representation in Congress.
Question 8
Q8

What was Hamilton’s rationale for placing a tax on whiskey?

(1 point)
Responses

He planned to use the tax to reduce the national debt.
He planned to use the tax to reduce the national debt.

He wanted to distribute the taxes to state governments.
He wanted to distribute the taxes to state governments.

He wanted to impose a penalty on farmers for producing too much whiskey.
He wanted to impose a penalty on farmers for producing too much whiskey.

He wanted to halt the export of whiskey.
He wanted to halt the export of whiskey.
Question 9
Q9

This excerpt is from the U.S. Constitution.

How did the U.S. Supreme Court interpret this article in Givvons v. Ogden (1824)?

Select TWO correct answers.

(2 points)
Responses

States may possess the power to regulate interstate commerce.
States may possess the power to regulate interstate commerce.

States may control commerce within their borders that involves foreign countries.
States may control commerce within their borders that involves foreign countries.

States may be subject to federal regulation in matters of commerce.
States may be subject to federal regulation in matters of commerce.

States may pass legislation that restricts interstate commerce.
States may pass legislation that restricts interstate commerce.

States may regulate commerce within their own borders.
States may regulate commerce within their own borders.
Question 10
Q10

Use the excerpt below to answer the question that follows:

Washington longed to retire to his fields at Mount Vernon. But he soon realized that the Nation under its Articles of Confederation was not functioning well, so he became a prime mover in the steps leading to the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia in 1787. When the new Constitution was ratified, the Electoral College unanimously elected Washington President. He did not infringe upon the policy making powers that he felt the Constitution gave Congress. But the determination of foreign policy became preponderantly a Presidential concern. When the French Revolution led to a major war between France and England, Washington refused to accept entirely the recommendations of either his Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, who was pro-French, or his Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, who was pro-British. Rather, he insisted upon a neutral course until the United States could grow stronger.
—WhiteHouse.gov

Based on evidence from your text, why did Washington reject the advice of both Jefferson and Hamilton and adopt a policy of neutrality?

(1 point)
Responses

Washington feared that war would divide the nation.
Washington feared that war would divide the nation.

Washington was timid about taking military action.
Washington was timid about taking military action.

The nation could not afford another war so soon after the Revolution.
The nation could not afford another war so soon after the Revolution.

Washington was upset over the murder of the French king.

Answer 1

Here are the responses to each question based on the provided excerpts and historical context:

Question 1: Because of the purchase of the territory, Americans could now legally start settling regions in the West.

Question 2: The transportation and navigation of goods is part of the constitutional definition of commerce.

Question 3: Differences in opinion on how much power federal government should have and Looming threat of war with France.

Question 4: He wanted to make it clear that the U.S. supported neither France nor Britain in their war.

Question 5: Southern representatives were less concerned about British interference in American shipping.

Question 6: He was concerned that the decision gave the Supreme Court too much authority.

Question 7: President John Adams and Vice President Thomas Jefferson belonged to different political parties and did not agree on government policy.

Question 8: He planned to use the tax to reduce the national debt.

Question 9: States may be subject to federal regulation in matters of commerce and States may regulate commerce within their own borders.

Question 10: Washington feared that war would divide the nation.

These answers are derived from the context provided in the questions and relate directly to the historical facts and implications surrounding the topics addressed.