Pure Substances

Matter can be categorized into one of two groups: pure substances and mixtures. Pure substances are made of either one kind of atom or one kind of molecule or compound. A pure substance that is composed of one kind of atom is called an element. Pure carbon, pure gold, and pure oxygen are all elements.

Heterogeneous Mixtures
Most of the materials we interact with every day are not pure substances. Remember that a material composed of more than one pure substance is called a mixture. Mixtures are divided into two categories: heterogeneous and homogeneous.

Homogeneous Mixtures
The other type of mixture is homogenous mixture. The prefix homogene– means “of the same” in Latin. In a homogeneous mixture, the ratio of each compound to the others is the same everywhere in the mixture. In other words, the mixture is uniform. For example, if you were to mix table sugar in warm water and stir it well, you might find when you tested the mixture that the ratio of sugar to water in the top of the glass is the same ratio as in the bottom of the glass. A glass of sugar water would, therefore, be a homogeneous mixture. Other examples include toothpaste, pennies, and most types of gold jewelry.

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Pure Substances

Everything around us is made up of matter, which can be divided into two main groups: pure substances and mixtures. A pure substance is made up of only one kind of particle. This means it could be just one type of atom or one type of molecule or compound. For example, pure carbon, pure gold, and pure oxygen are all pure substances that contain only one type of atom. That’s what makes them "elements."

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Most things we see and use every day aren't just one pure substance. When a material has more than one kind of pure substance in it, we call it a mixture. Mixtures can be divided into two types: heterogeneous and homogeneous.

Homogeneous Mixtures

Now, let’s talk about homogeneous mixtures. The word "homogeneous" means "the same throughout." In a homogeneous mixture, no matter where you take a sample from, the proportions of the substances mixed together are the same. It’s like if you mix sugar into warm water. If you stir it really well, the amount of sugar compared to water will be the same whether you take a sip from the top of the glass or the bottom. So, sugar water is a good example of a homogeneous mixture.

Some other examples include toothpaste (which has a consistent mixture of ingredients), pennies (which are made of a uniform metal mix), and most types of gold jewelry (which have gold mixed with other metals).

In short, pure substances are pretty simple and made of just one type of particle, while mixtures can be a combination of different substances, and homogeneous mixtures are mixed so well that they look the same everywhere!

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Pure Substances

Everything around us is made of matter, and we can sort it into two main groups: pure substances and mixtures. A pure substance is made up of only one kind of particle. This means it can be just one type of atom or molecule. For example, pure carbon, gold, and oxygen are all pure substances called "elements."

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Most things we see every day are not pure substances. If a material has more than one pure substance in it, we call it a mixture. There are two types of mixtures: heterogeneous and homogeneous.

Homogeneous Mixtures

Homogeneous mixtures are when everything is mixed together evenly, so it looks the same no matter where you take a sample from. For example, if you mix sugar into warm water and stir it well, the sugar is evenly spread out. That means sugar water is a homogeneous mixture because the ratio of sugar to water is the same no matter where you measure from. Other examples include toothpaste and most types of gold jewelry.

So, to sum it up: pure substances are made of only one kind of particle, and homogeneous mixtures are mixed evenly, so they look the same everywhere!