Prospective Cohort Study
The following tables show the crude and sex-specific results from a Prospective Cohort Study that examines the association between a binary exposure (E) and the development of a disease (D) during 20 years of follow-up.
Use these data to solve the above problem, it will become easier
Full data
D+ D- Total
E+ 30 270 300
E- 20 180 200
Total 50 450 500
Male
D+ D- Total
E+ 12 108 120
E- 8 72 80
Total 20 180 200
Female
D+ D- Total
E+ 18 162 180
E- 12 108 120
Total 30 270 300
1. Assume that this cohort is a simple random sample from a broader population of interest. Model the number of disease positive individuals among all exposed individuals in the sample using the binomial distribution with probability of disease ; and model the number of disease positive individuals among the unexposed in the sample using a binomial distribution, with probability of disease . Estimate , the proportion of exposed individuals who are disease positive, and provide an exact 95% confidence interval.
Estimated Proportion: ????
Confidence Interval:
Lower Bound:????
Upper Bound:????
and
4. Now, we examine the risk difference between the exposed and unexposed populations. Estimate the risk
difference for the disease and construct a corresponding large-sample 95% confidence interval. Calculate the
risk difference as the proportion of diseased individuals in the exposed minus the proportion of diseased
individuals in the unexposed.
Risk Difference: ????
Confidence Interval:
Lower Bound: ????
Upper Bound: ????
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