Prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that they lack a well-defined nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane. Additionally, prokaryotic cells generally have few organelles, whereas eukaryotic cells contain many organelles.
In more detail:
- Prokaryotic cells have ribosomes and may have structures like the plasma membrane, cell wall, and sometimes flagella, but they lack membrane-bound organelles.
- Eukaryotic cells possess various membrane-bound organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and lysosomes, in addition to a defined nucleus.
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