When the voltage in a circuit changes, several effects can occur depending on the nature of the circuit and the components in it. One of the most common effects is the production of an electromotive force (EMF) or voltage that can either oppose or enhance the change in voltage.
This EMF is produced due to various phenomena such as electromagnetic induction, piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity, electrostriction, and others. For example, in a transformer, when the voltage of the primary winding changes due to alternating current, it induces a corresponding voltage in the secondary winding due to electromagnetic induction.
Similarly, in a piezoelectric crystal, when the crystal is subjected to pressure or vibration due to a changing voltage, it produces a corresponding voltage due to the piezoelectric effect. In a thermocouple, a voltage is produced when two dissimilar metals are heated or cooled due to the thermoelectric effect.
Overall, whenever the voltage in a circuit changes, it can lead to various effects that can either be harnessed for useful purposes or need to be prevented or minimized to ensure the proper functioning of the circuit and its components.
Produced when the voltage changes
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