Your list categorizes the different types of powers in the U.S. federal system as follows:
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Enumerated Powers (Explicitly Granted Powers): Powers specifically mentioned in the Constitution that are granted to the federal government.
- Example: Coining money, declaring war.
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Implied Powers: Powers not explicitly stated but are inferred from the Constitution, particularly from the Necessary and Proper Clause (also known as the Elastic Clause).
- Example: Creating a national bank, building interstate highways.
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Concurrent Powers (Shared Powers): Powers that are shared by both the federal and state governments.
- Example: Taxation, law enforcement.
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Reserved Powers: Powers that are not granted to the federal government and are reserved for the states or the people.
- Example: Creating public schools, intrastate commerce.
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Denied Powers (Prohibited Powers): Powers that are explicitly prohibited to the federal government by the Constitution.
- Example: Conducting illegal searches and seizures, prohibiting freedom of speech.
This classification helps in understanding the distribution and scope of authority between state and federal governments in the United States.