please sumarize this text:

Question

HIV virusà Viruses are referred to as subcellular organisms, meaning they are smaller than most cells (including human cells and bacteria). Viruses are so small that scientists need to measure them in nanometers, which in comparison, is a thousand times smaller than what we use to measure bacteria (micrometers). The only way so see a virus would be to use a powerful electron microscope. Some common viruses are HIV, which causes AIDs, the herpes simplex virus, which causes cold sores, smallpox, and the human papilloma virus, now believed to be a leading cause of cervical cancer in adult women. The common human cold and the flu are also caused by viruses. The HIV virus, like all viruses, are made up of molecules of genetic material and proteins. It has genetic information called RNA, which is like DNA but slightly different in structure. The RNA is surrounded by a protective shell of protein which has protein spikes which help penetrate cells. Viruses invade host cells and often shut down the host cell’s DNA. The host cell is forced to expend all of its energy and resources to help the virus replicate it’s genetic material and make hundreds more viruses. The poor, weak cell usually bursts like an overinflated balloon from all the viruses and is destroyed in the process! The newly made HIV particles are ready to infect other cells and begin the replication process all over again. In this way the virus quickly spreads through the human body. Because human cells help the virus replicate so quickly, mutations in the genetic material of the virus occur often, and the virus can easily change over time. Sometimes they can become more dangerous to the host. This is what happens when occasionally there is an outbreak of a very dangerous strain if flu (Influenza) virus. Once a person is infected with HIV or other viruses, they can pass the viruses on to others. In the case of HIV, it is through bodily fluids. Other viruses can enter the body through other various routes such as ingestion, inhalation and direct contact. Basically, a virus must get inside a living cell to manufacture substances needed for their own reproduction and life cycle. Viruses are only active when inside a host because they can’t undergo any chemical reactions of their own outside a host cell. Viruses do not need energy but the host cells they take over need energy to reproduce the viruses. Viruses cannot make their own energy or proteins and cannot reproduce without a host cell (human, animal, plant, or bacteria). Outside host cells, viruses are in dormant stages where they cannot complete their life functions until they find a cell to infect. If they stay outside of a cell for some period of time their structure usually breaks down and then they can not infect another cell. For example, if you cough when you have a cold and the cold virus gets on a doorknob and no one touches it and transfers it to their own cells within a certain period of time, the virus will break down and no longer be capable of infecting a host cell.

Answer 1

This text discusses the nature and characteristics of viruses, specifically focusing on the HIV virus. Viruses are subcellular organisms that are smaller than human cells and bacteria, and can only be seen using powerful electron microscopes. They consist of genetic material and proteins, with the HIV virus containing RNA surrounded by a protective protein shell. Viruses invade host cells and use the cell's resources to replicate and produce more viruses, eventually causing the host cell to burst and be destroyed. Viruses spread rapidly through the body due to their ability to quickly replicate in human cells. Viruses can mutate over time, potentially becoming more dangerous to the host. Once a person is infected with a virus, they can pass it on to others through various routes such as bodily fluids. Viruses are only active within a host cell and cannot undergo chemical reactions outside of it. They rely on host cells for energy and protein production and cannot reproduce without a host. If a virus is unable to infect a cell within a certain period of time, it will break down and become unable to infect another cell.