Please give me an answer ASAP.

Question

Directions: Explain which part of the study is the Dependent Variable and explain which part is the Independent Variable, and why.

John is interested in studying how people hold their books in the hallway. Some hold them off to the side, others keep their books in their bags, and finally, he notices that some hold their books close to their chest. He has decided to do a study to determine if gender affects how someone holds their books in the hallway.
Independent Variable
Explain:

Dependent Variable
Explain:

Kelly has been dumped four times in two weeks. She is very upset over these occurrences. She decides to get a group of friends together to determine why boys break up with girls. She is convinced that boys break up with girls because of their hair color and height.
Independent Variable
Explain:

Dependent Variable
Explain:

In an experiment to determine whether alcohol causes aggression, experimental subjects would be given a quantity of alcohol and its effects would be measured.
Independent Variable
Explain:

Dependent Variable
Explain:

Notice: Florida State psychologist Roberto Solace is going to be conducting a study on the effects of temperature on aggression. All interested in taking part of the study should contact him before Friday.
Independent Variable
Explain:

Dependent Variable
Explain:

Answer 1

The independent variable is controlled by the experimenter.

The dependent variable is a measure of effect for varying the independent variable.

This information is my independent variable, hoping that it helps you to answer your questions (dependent variable).

Answer 2

1. IV: gender / DV: how they hold the books
2. i don't know i'm still figuring it out..
3. IV: whether alcohol causes aggression / DV: quantity of alcohol and it’s effects.
4. IV: aggression / DV: the effects of temperature
Remember that the independent variable is the cause and the dependent variable is the effect and what is being measured :)