photoelectrons

Answer 1

Photoelectrons are electrons that are emitted from a material when it is exposed to ultraviolet, visible, or X-ray radiation. This phenomenon is known as the photoelectric effect. The energy of the incident radiation must be higher than the work function of the material in order to free electrons from the material's surface. The emitted photoelectrons carry energy and information about the material's properties, which can be analyzed to study its physical and chemical characteristics. Photoelectron spectroscopy is a common technique used to measure the kinetic energy and intensity of photoelectrons, providing insights into the electronic structure of a material.