Particle Theory of Matter:
Particle theory of matter explains the behavior of matter in terms of its smallest particles, such as atoms, molecules, and ions. According to this theory, all matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly moving. The particles are held together by attractive forces and are always in motion, even in solids. When heat is added, the particles move faster, and this causes changes in the physical properties of matter, such as melting or boiling.
Solutions and Mixtures:
Solutions and mixtures are both combinations of two or more substances. A solution is a homogeneous mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another. The substance that is dissolved is called the solute, and the substance in which it is dissolved is called the solvent. A mixture, on the other hand, is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded. Mixtures can either be homogeneous or heterogeneous.
Separating Solutions and Mixtures:
There are several ways to separate solutions and mixtures, depending on their properties. Some common methods include:
1. Filtration - This method is used to separate solid particles from a liquid or gas using a filter or a sieve.
2. Decantation - This method is used to separate a liquid from a solid or another liquid by pouring off the liquid while leaving the solid or other liquid behind.
3. Evaporation - This method is used to separate a solute from a solvent by evaporating the solvent and collecting the solute.
4. Distillation - This method is used to separate a mixture of liquids based on their different boiling points by heating the mixture and collecting the vapors.
5. Chromatography - This method is used to separate a mixture of substances based on their different chemical properties by allowing them to move across a stationary phase at different rates.
Particle Theory of Matter
Solutions and Mixtures
Separating Solutions and Mixtures
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