The "spirit of party" means the strong loyalty people feel for their political parties, which often leads them to put party goals ahead of their personal beliefs. This idea started in the early days of American politics when different groups formed around various leaders and their ideas. "Special interests" are groups that try to affect government decisions to benefit their specific causes. These often come from the "spirit of party" when parties team up with certain groups to get support, making their interests more important than others.
paraphrase this into simple words: The "spirit of party" refers to the strong loyalty and enthusiasm people have for their political party, often prioritizing party goals over individual beliefs. This idea originated in the early days of American politics when factions began to form around different leaders and their ideas. "Special interests" are groups that work to influence government decisions for their specific causes, and they can emerge from the "spirit of party" when parties align with certain groups to gain support, leading to a focus on their interests over others.
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