organisms are able to maintain a high level of organization without violating the laws of thermodynamics by constantly:

decreasing the entropy of the universe by building evermore complex modules

increase in the entropy of the universe by giving off heat and generating waste products

creating energy

1 answer

Organisms are able to maintain a high level of organization without violating the laws of thermodynamics by constantly increasing the entropy of the universe by giving off heat and generating waste products.

This is because, while organisms can maintain or even decrease their own internal entropy (becoming more ordered through processes like growth and development), they do so at the expense of the surrounding environment. The energy necessary for cellular processes is obtained from their environment (such as through food or sunlight), and when they use this energy, they release heat and waste products that increase the overall entropy of the universe. This aligns with the second law of thermodynamics, which states that the total entropy of a closed system can never decrease over time.

Thus, although living systems can create order internally, they ultimately contribute to the overall disorder (entropy) of their surroundings.