On islands off the coast of Siberia, paleontologists have found the remains of pygmy mammoths. These populations were likely separated from mainland mammoth populations and became a new type of mammoth through allopatric speciation.

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The statement describes a scenario where isolated populations of mammoths on islands underwent allopatric speciation, leading to the evolution of pygmy mammoths. This is consistent with the principles of allopatric speciation, where populations become geographically separated and establish distinct evolutionary paths.