The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where lower values indicate higher acidity and higher values indicate higher alkalinity (basicity). A solution with a pH below 7 is considered acidic, while a pH of 7 is neutral, and pH values above 7 are basic.
Given the options:
- a) 12 (basic)
- b) 11 (basic)
- c) 5 (acidic)
- d) 7 (neutral)
- e) 3 (very acidic)
The solution with the highest acidity among these options is the one with the lowest pH value. Therefore, the solution with the highest acidity has a pH of 3 (option e).