To categorize the hypotheses you've provided, we can analyze each statement based on whether they are supporting or contradicting the principles of chemical equilibrium and the Haber process for ammonia production.
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"Increasing ammonia production requires an increase in temperature."
- Category: Reject Hypothesis
- Explanation: Increasing temperature typically favors the endothermic direction of a reaction, which is the reverse of ammonia production in the Haber process, generally leading to lower yield.
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"Percentage yield will increase if pressure is increased and temperature is decreased."
- Category: Accept Hypothesis
- Explanation: Raising the pressure typically favors the side of the reaction that produces fewer moles of gas (which is ammonia), and decreasing the temperature can favor the exothermic reaction, both of which can increase yield.
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"As pressure increases, percentage yield of ammonia increases because the number of particle collisions increases."
- Category: Reject Hypothesis
- Explanation: While increased pressure can lead to more effective yield because it favors the formation of ammonia according to Le Chatelier's principle, the statement attributes the yield increase to the number of collisions. While more collisions can occur, the key factor is the shift in equilibrium position rather than just the number of collisions.
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"Increasing temperature and decreasing pressure will result in higher ammonia production."
- Category: Reject Hypothesis
- Explanation: Increasing temperature generally shifts the equilibrium to the left (favoring reactants) in an exothermic reaction like ammonia production. Decreasing pressure might favor the production of gases if the reaction produces more moles than it consumes, but in the case of ammonia, both changes would lead to a lower yield.
In summary, your hypotheses can be categorized as follows:
- Accept Hypothesis: 2
- Reject Hypothesis: 1, 3, 4
1 answer