Nucleic acids include RNA and DNA. What is the role of these organic macromolecules?

Answer 1

The main role of nucleic acids, including RNA and DNA, is to store and transmit genetic information in living organisms.

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carries the instructions necessary for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms. It is the primary genetic material in most organisms and is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information from one generation to the next. DNA contains the genetic code, which determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins, thus influencing an organism's structure, function, and traits.

RNA (ribonucleic acid) plays a crucial role in the translation and expression of genetic information. It helps in the synthesis of proteins by transferring the genetic instructions encoded in DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are made. RNA molecules also participate in gene regulation and control various cellular processes, such as cell signaling, gene expression, and the catalysis of biochemical reactions.

Overall, nucleic acids are essential for the proper functioning and reproduction of living organisms and are responsible for the inheritance of genetic traits.