Three key factors that influence the temperature of a place are:
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Latitude: The distance from the equator plays a significant role in temperature variations. Areas closer to the equator typically receive more direct sunlight throughout the year, leading to warmer temperatures, while regions closer to the poles receive less sunlight, resulting in cooler temperatures.
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Elevation (Altitude): As elevation increases, temperature tends to decrease. Higher altitudes experience cooler temperatures due to thinner air, which holds less heat. This is why mountainous regions can be much colder than lowland areas at the same latitude.
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Proximity to Water Bodies: Areas located near oceans, seas, or large lakes generally have milder temperatures compared to inland areas. Water has a high heat capacity, meaning it can absorb and store heat, leading to moderate temperatures and reduced temperature extremes. This is known as the maritime effect versus the continental effect.